<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><rss xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" xmlns:content="http://purl.org/rss/1.0/modules/content/" xmlns:atom="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom" version="2.0" xmlns:itunes="http://www.itunes.com/dtds/podcast-1.0.dtd" xmlns:googleplay="http://www.google.com/schemas/play-podcasts/1.0"><channel><title><![CDATA[Tien Toan’s Substack]]></title><description><![CDATA[I write about Career, HR Practice, Personal & Organizational Development]]></description><link>https://www.ttoan.com</link><image><url>https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cMQD!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8f1ebb42-754d-42c3-934b-82098764f4aa_144x144.png</url><title>Tien Toan’s Substack</title><link>https://www.ttoan.com</link></image><generator>Substack</generator><lastBuildDate>Sun, 27 Sep 2026 11:53:23 GMT</lastBuildDate><atom:link href="https://www.ttoan.com/feed" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml"/><copyright><![CDATA[Tien Toan]]></copyright><language><![CDATA[en]]></language><webMaster><![CDATA[tientoan@substack.com]]></webMaster><itunes:owner><itunes:email><![CDATA[tientoan@substack.com]]></itunes:email><itunes:name><![CDATA[Tien Toan]]></itunes:name></itunes:owner><itunes:author><![CDATA[Tien Toan]]></itunes:author><googleplay:owner><![CDATA[tientoan@substack.com]]></googleplay:owner><googleplay:email><![CDATA[tientoan@substack.com]]></googleplay:email><googleplay:author><![CDATA[Tien Toan]]></googleplay:author><itunes:block><![CDATA[Yes]]></itunes:block><item><title><![CDATA[Thói ngụy biện]]></title><description><![CDATA[L&#234;n Linkhay ki&#7871;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c 1 b&#224;i vi&#7871;t kh&#225; hay n&#234;n copy l&#7841;i &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7885;c d&#7847;n.]]></description><link>https://www.ttoan.com/p/thoi-nguy-bien</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ttoan.com/p/thoi-nguy-bien</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Tien Toan]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 16:11:51 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!cMQD!,w_256,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F8f1ebb42-754d-42c3-934b-82098764f4aa_144x144.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p><span>L&#234;n Linkhay ki&#7871;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c 1 b&#224;i vi&#7871;t kh&#225; hay n&#234;n copy l&#7841;i &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#7885;c d&#7847;n.</span></p><p><span>-----------------------------------</span></p><p><span>Tranh lu&#7853;n tr&#234;n c&#225;c di&#7877;n &#273;&#224;n c&#244;ng c&#7897;ng l&#224; m&#7897;t h&#236;nh th&#7913;c trao &#273;&#7893;i &#253; ki&#7871;n kh&#244;ng th&#7875; thi&#7871;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c trong m&#7897;t x&#227; h&#7897;i v&#259;n minh. &#7902; nhi&#7873;u n&#432;&#7899;c, l&#432;u l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng tranh lu&#7853;n c&#7903;i m&#7903; v&#224; nghi&#234;m t&#250;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem l&#224; m&#7897;t d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u c&#7911;a m&#7897;t x&#227; h&#7897;i l&#224;nh m&#7841;nh. &#7902; c&#225;c n&#432;&#7899;c ph&#432;&#417;ng T&#226;y, h&#7847;u nh&#432; ng&#224;y n&#224;o b&#225;o ch&#237; c&#361;ng c&#243; nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng c&#226;y b&#7881;nh b&#250;t tranh lu&#7853;n v&#7873; m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&#243;ng n&#224;o &#273;&#243;. Tr&#234;n tivi c&#361;ng c&#243; nh&#7919;ng cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n tr&#7921;c ti&#7871;p gi&#7919;a hai hay nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; t&#7915; &#8220;&#273;&#7841;i s&#7921;&#8221; &#273;&#7871;n nh&#7919;ng v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; t&#432;&#7903;ng nh&#432; nh&#7887; nh&#7845;t. Trong c&#225;c h&#7897;i ngh&#7883; khoa h&#7885;c, tr&#432;&#7899;c m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; c&#242;n trong v&#242;ng nghi v&#7845;n, ng&#432;&#7901;i ta c&#361;ng c&#243; nh&#7919;ng chuy&#234;n gia tranh lu&#7853;n d&#432;&#7899;i d&#7841;ng nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i gi&#7843;ng khoa h&#7885;c. </span></p><p><span>Nh&#432;ng th&#7871; n&#224;o l&#224; tranh lu&#7853;n nghi&#234;m t&#250;c? </span></p><p><span>N&#243;i m&#7897;t c&#225;ch ng&#7855;n g&#7885;n, c&#361;ng nh&#432; trong m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7845;u v&#245;, m&#7897;t tranh lu&#7853;n nghi&#234;m t&#250;c l&#224; m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n c&#243; qui t&#7855;c, m&#224; trong &#273;&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i tham gia kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c, hay c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i tr&#225;nh, ph&#7841;m lu&#7853;t ch&#417;i. Nh&#7919;ng qui t&#7855;c chung v&#224; c&#259;n b&#7843;n l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i tham gia ch&#7881; ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch v&#7853;n d&#7909;ng nh&#7919;ng l&#237; l&#7869; logic, v&#7899;i th&#225;i &#273;&#7897; th&#224;nh th&#7853;t v&#224; c&#7903;i m&#7903;, ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u theo c&#7843;m t&#237;nh, l&#432;&#7901;i bi&#7871;ng, hay bi&#7875;u hi&#7879;n m&#7897;t s&#7921; thi&#7875;n c&#7853;n, &#273;&#7847;u &#243;c h&#7865;p h&#242;i. &#272;&#7875; &#273;&#7841;t nh&#7919;ng y&#234;u c&#7847;u n&#224;y, ng&#432;&#7901;i tranh lu&#7853;n nghi&#234;m t&#250;c tr&#432;&#7899;c khi ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u hay &#273;&#7873; xu&#7845;t &#253; ki&#7871;n, &#273;&#432;a ra l&#7901;i b&#236;nh ph&#7849;m c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i xem x&#233;t t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p kh&#7843; d&#297;, ph&#7843;i c&#226;n nh&#7855;c nh&#7919;ng quan &#273;i&#7875;m v&#224; nh&#7919;ng c&#225;ch gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch kh&#225;c nhau, ph&#7843;i &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a s&#7921; ch&#7911; quan v&#224; c&#7843;m t&#237;nh, ph&#7843;i t&#7853;p trung v&#224;o vi&#7879;c t&#236;m s&#7921; th&#7853;t h&#417;n l&#224; mu&#7889;n m&#236;nh &#273;&#250;ng, ph&#7843;i s&#7861;n s&#224;ng ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n nh&#7919;ng quan &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i &#432;a chu&#7897;ng, v&#224; ph&#7843;i &#253; th&#7913;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7883;nh ki&#7871;n v&#224; ch&#7911; quan c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh. Khi tranh lu&#7853;n, h&#7885; ph&#7843;i nh&#7845;t qu&#225;n l&#224; ch&#7881; xoay quanh ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873; b&#224;n lu&#7853;n, lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m b&#224;n lu&#7853;n ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng &#273;i l&#7841;c &#273;&#7873;, kh&#244;ng c&#244;ng k&#237;ch v&#224;o c&#225; nh&#226;n v&#224; nh&#226;n th&#226;n c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i tham gia tranh lu&#7853;n. &#272;&#243; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i kh&#243; kh&#259;n cho m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n nghi&#234;m t&#250;c c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a, v&#224; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i ai c&#361;ng c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7919;ng y&#234;u c&#7847;u n&#224;y, nh&#7845;t l&#224; &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i ng&#432;&#7901;i Vi&#7879;t v&#7889;n ch&#432;a quan v&#7899;i v&#259;n h&#243;a tranh lu&#7853;n. Do &#273;&#243;, kh&#244;ng m&#7845;y ai ng&#7841;c nhi&#234;n khi th&#7845;y c&#243; qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n gi&#7919;a ng&#432;&#7901;i Vi&#7879;t r&#7845;t th&#7845;p. Ch&#7881; c&#7847;n xem qua nh&#7919;ng c&#225;i-g&#7885;i-l&#224; &#8220;tranh lu&#7853;n&#8221; tr&#234;n c&#225;c di&#7877;n &#273;&#224;n b&#225;o ch&#237; (v&#224; nh&#7845;t l&#224; c&#225;c &#8220;chat room&#8221; hay blog), ng&#432;&#7901;i ta c&#243; th&#7875; th&#7845;y &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; tranh lu&#7853;n, m&#224; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7909;ng &#273;&#7897; gi&#7919;a c&#225;c c&#225; nh&#226;n tham gia tranh lu&#7853;n, nh&#7919;ng cu&#7897;c ch&#7917;i b&#7899;i, ch&#7859;ng c&#243; l&#237; lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i tranh lu&#7853;n. Ngo&#224;i ra, &#273;&#7889;i v&#7899;i m&#7897;t s&#7889; ng&#432;&#7901;i tham gia b&#236;nh lu&#7853;n v&#7873; m&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n n&#224;o &#273;&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c d&#224;n x&#7871;p, m&#7897;t s&#7921; &#273;&#243;ng k&#7883;ch, nh&#7857;m tung h&#7887;a m&#249; ho&#7863;c l&#234;n l&#7899;p, ho&#7863;c a dua theo &#273;&#225;m &#273;&#244;ng. &#272;&#243; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng k&#7883;ch b&#7843;n ng&#7899; ng&#7849;n &#273;&#7871;n t&#7897;i nghi&#7879;p. Ng&#7899; ng&#7849;n l&#224; v&#236; ng&#432;&#7901;i xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n ch&#7859;ng n&#243;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#236; cho &#273;&#7847;y &#273;&#7911;, m&#224; c&#361;ng ch&#7859;ng ph&#226;n t&#237;ch m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; g&#236; cho &#273;&#7871;n n&#417;i &#273;&#7871;n ch&#7889;n. R&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p, nh&#7919;ng cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n gi&#7919;a ng&#432;&#7901;i Vi&#7879;t ch&#7881; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng cu&#7897;c ch&#7917;i l&#7897;n, m&#224; trong &#273;&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i ta tha h&#7891; vung v&#237;t, n&#233;m li&#7879;ng v&#7889;n li&#7871;ng ch&#7919; ngh&#297;a qua l&#7841;i m&#7897;t c&#225;ch h&#7895;n &#273;&#7897;n, m&#224; ch&#7859;ng c&#7847;n &#273;&#7875; &#253; &#273;&#7871;n logic hay c&#225;c nguy&#234;n t&#7855;c c&#7911;a tranh lu&#7853;n l&#224; g&#236;. H&#417;n n&#7919;a, r&#7845;t d&#7877; d&#224;ng nh&#7853;n th&#7845;y r&#7857;ng trong c&#225;c cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n &#273;&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i ta nh&#7855;m v&#224;o m&#7909;c ti&#234;u l&#224; nh&#226;n th&#226;n, c&#225; nh&#226;n c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i tranh lu&#7853;n ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng nh&#7855;m v&#224;o quan &#273;i&#7875;m v&#224; l&#237; l&#7869; c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#243;. Thay v&#236; tranh lu&#7853;n th&#7859;ng v&#224;o v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;, ng&#432;&#7901;i ta t&#236;m c&#225;ch g&#7855;n cho &#273;&#7889;i ph&#432;&#417;ng m&#7897;t nh&#227;n hi&#7879;u, v&#224; t&#7915; &#273;&#243; l&#224;m lu m&#7901; &#273;i quan &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a h&#7885;. Trong h&#7847;u nh&#432; nh&#7919;ng tranh lu&#7853;n, nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#7889; t&#236;m hay t&#7841;o cho m&#236;nh m&#7897;t v&#7883; tr&#237; &#273;&#7841;o cao &#273;&#7913;c tr&#7885;ng c&#7843; b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch g&#7855;n cho &#273;&#7889;i ph&#432;&#417;ng nh&#7919;ng danh t&#7915; v&#224; t&#237;nh t&#7915; mang t&#237;nh mi&#7879;t th&#7883;, m&#7897;t th&#7911; &#273;o&#7841;n c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng l&#224;m cho m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c tranh lu&#7853;n tr&#7903; n&#234;n m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c &#7849;u &#273;&#227; ng&#244;n t&#7915; &#273;inh tai nh&#7913;c &#243;c thay v&#236; l&#224; m&#7897;t trao &#273;&#7893;i khoa h&#7885;c. Th&#7921;c ra, &#273;&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t h&#236;nh th&#7913;c ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n, m&#7897;t l&#7895;i l&#7847;m c&#417; b&#7843;n nh&#432;ng nghi&#234;m tr&#7885;ng trong tranh lu&#7853;n. </span></p><p>V&#7853;y ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n l&#224; g&#236;?</p><p><span>N&#243;i m&#7897;t c&#225;ch &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n, ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n l&#224; nh&#7919;ng nh&#7847;m l&#7851;n trong l&#237; lu&#7853;n v&#224; suy lu&#7853;n. Ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n kh&#225;c v&#7899;i logic. Logic, n&#243;i m&#7897;t c&#225;ch ng&#7855;n g&#7885;n trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p n&#224;y, l&#224; nh&#7919;ng qui &#432;&#7899;c qu&#7843;n l&#237; t&#237;nh nh&#7845;t qu&#225;n trong vi&#7879;c s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ng&#244;n ng&#7919;. Gi&#7899;i tri&#7871;t h&#7885;c T&#226;y ph&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#227; b&#7887; kh&#225; nhi&#7873;u c&#244;ng s&#7913;c &#273;&#7875; ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t th&#7871; n&#224;o l&#224; logic v&#224; th&#7871; n&#224;o l&#224; ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n. Aristotle c&#243; l&#7869; l&#224; m&#7897;t nh&#224; logic h&#7885;c &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n c&#243; c&#244;ng ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#225;c qui t&#7855;c v&#224; h&#7879; th&#7889;ng suy lu&#7853;n. Trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh l&#224;m vi&#7879;c, &#244;ng ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n ra nhi&#7873;u l&#7895;i l&#7847;m m&#224; sau n&#224;y ng&#432;&#7901;i ta quen g&#7885;i l&#224; nh&#7919;ng &#8220;ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n.&#8221; M&#7863;c d&#249; Aristotle l&#224; m&#7897;t nh&#224; nh&#224; logic h&#7885;c &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n c&#243; c&#244;ng li&#7879;t k&#234; v&#224; ph&#226;n lo&#7841;i nh&#7919;ng lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n, th&#7847;y c&#7911;a &#244;ng (Plato) m&#7899;i x&#7913;ng &#273;&#225;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vinh danh nh&#432; l&#224; m&#7897;t nh&#224; tri&#7871;t h&#7885;c &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n &#273;&#227; c&#243; c&#244;ng s&#432;u t&#7847;m nh&#7919;ng v&#237; d&#7909; v&#7873; ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n. K&#7875; t&#7915; khi Plato v&#224; Aristotle, &#273;&#227; c&#243; kh&#225; nhi&#7873;u nh&#224; tri&#7871;t h&#7885;c v&#224; logic h&#7885;c nh&#432; John Locke, John Stuart Mill, Jeremy Bentham, v&#224; Arthur Schopenhauer c&#361;ng c&#243; nhi&#7873;u c&#7889;ng hi&#7871;n quan tr&#7885;ng trong vi&#7879;c nghi&#234;n c&#7913;u v&#7873; ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n. &#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#225;ng ch&#250; &#253; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng l&#7895;i l&#7847;m v&#7873; ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n &#7903; ng&#432;&#7901;i Vi&#7879;t l&#7841;i hay th&#7845;y trong gi&#7899;i c&#243; h&#7885;c. Ch&#7881; c&#7847;n &#273;i&#7875;m qua b&#225;o ch&#237;, websites, blog, v.v... ch&#250;ng ta d&#7877; d&#224;ng th&#7845;y r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u c&#225;i-g&#7885;i-l&#224; &#8220;tranh lu&#7853;n&#8221; th&#7853;t ra ch&#7881; l&#224; ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n. Tuy nhi&#234;n, nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#7851;n ch&#432;a bi&#7871;t &#273;&#243; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n, m&#224; th&#7853;m ch&#237; c&#242;n h&#7871;t l&#7901;i khen ng&#7907;i k&#7867; ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n l&#224; ... uy&#234;n b&#225;c! &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y cho th&#7845;y trong nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i Vi&#7879;t h&#7885;c c&#361;ng c&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i r&#7845;t l&#432;&#7901;i bi&#7871;ng suy ngh&#297; v&#224; ch&#7859;ng ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#7853;t v&#224; gi&#7843;, kh&#244;ng c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng nh&#7853;n d&#7841;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n. Ph&#7843;i ghi nh&#7853;n m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u l&#224; internet &#273;&#227; r&#7845;t tuy&#7879;t v&#7901;i, v&#236; qua nh&#7919;ng &#8220;tranh lu&#7853;n&#8221; v&#224; ch&#7917;i b&#7899;i c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng k&#7867; tham gia tr&#234;n internet, ch&#250;ng ta bi&#7871;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#7897; m&#7863;t x&#7845;u x&#237; &#273;&#7857;ng sau nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i mang nh&#227;n m&#225;c &#8220;tr&#237; th&#7913;c&#8221; hay &#8220;c&#243; h&#7885;c&#8221;. Nh&#7919;ng k&#7867; n&#224;y t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7889;i nguy hi&#7875;m, v&#236; v&#7899;i c&#225;i nh&#227;n m&#225;c &#8220;c&#243; h&#7885;c&#8221; &#273;&#243;, h&#7885; c&#243; c&#417; h&#7897;i l&#224;m l&#361;ng &#273;o&#7841;n x&#227; h&#7897;i v&#224; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh nh&#7919;ng con vi khu&#7849;n l&#224;m nhi&#7877;m tr&#249;ng n&#7873;n h&#7885;c thu&#7853;t n&#432;&#7899;c nh&#224;. Do &#273;&#243;, c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i gi&#250;p h&#7885; nh&#7853;n ra &#273;&#226;u l&#224; ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n v&#224; &#273;&#226;u l&#224; logic. Th&#7921;c ra, nh&#7853;n d&#7841;ng ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7897;t vi&#7879;c l&#224;m kh&#243; kh&#259;n. Tuy nhi&#234;n, c&#361;ng c&#243; nhi&#7873;u d&#7841;ng th&#7913;c ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n m&#224; v&#7867; b&#7873; ngo&#224;i hay m&#7899;i nghe qua th&#236; r&#7845;t logic, nh&#432;ng th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t l&#224; phi logic. Nh&#7919;ng lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#250;p d&#432;&#7899;i h&#236;nh th&#7913;c &#8220;khoa h&#7885;c&#8221; n&#224;y kh&#244;ng d&#7877; nh&#7853;n d&#7841;ng n&#7871;u ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i thi&#7871;u ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c v&#7873; logic h&#7885;c hay th&#7901; &#417; v&#7899;i l&#253; l&#7869;. Do &#273;&#243;, m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng trong tranh lu&#7853;n l&#224; c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i ph&#225;t hi&#7879;n v&#224; nh&#7853;n d&#7841;ng nh&#7919;ng h&#236;nh th&#7913;c ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n, v&#224; quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n, c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i hi&#7875;u t&#7841;i sao ch&#250;ng sai. C&#243; th&#7875; ph&#226;n lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n th&#224;nh nhi&#7873;u nh&#243;m kh&#225;c nhau li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n vi&#7879;c &#273;&#225;nh l&#7841;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;, l&#7907;i d&#7909;ng c&#7843;m t&#237;nh, thay &#273;&#7893;i ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873;, nh&#7847;m l&#7851;n trong thu&#7853;t qui n&#7841;p, l&#253; lu&#7853;n nh&#7853;p nh&#7857;ng, phi logic, v&#224; sai ph&#7841;m tr&#249;. Trong khu&#244;n kh&#7893; gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n, ng&#432;&#7901;i vi&#7871;t b&#224;i n&#224;y kh&#244;ng c&#243; tham v&#7885;ng tr&#236;nh b&#224;y t&#7845;t c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n m&#7897;t c&#225;ch chi ti&#7871;t (v&#236; vi&#7879;c n&#224;y &#273;&#227; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7879; th&#7889;ng h&#243;a trong nhi&#7873;u s&#225;ch v&#7873; logic h&#7885;c), m&#224; ch&#7881; mu&#7889;n li&#7879;t k&#234; ra nh&#7919;ng lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n th&#432;&#7901;ng hay g&#7863;p trong b&#225;o ch&#237; v&#224; truy&#7873;n th&#244;ng, nh&#7857;m gi&#250;p b&#7841;n &#273;&#7885;c c&#243; th&#7875; ph&#226;n bi&#7879;t gi&#7919;a ch&#226;n v&#224; gi&#7843;. C&#225;c li&#7879;t k&#234; sau &#273;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t lo&#7841;t nh&#7919;ng ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n hay th&#7845;y &#7903; ng&#432;&#7901;i Vi&#7879;t. Nh&#7919;ng ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; ph&#226;n th&#224;nh 7 nh&#243;m nh&#432; sau:</span></p><ul><li><p><span>&#272;&#225;nh tr&#225;o ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873;</span></p></li><li><p><span>L&#7907;i d&#7909;ng c&#7843;m t&#237;nh v&#224; &#273;&#225;m &#273;&#244;ng</span></p></li><li><p><span>L&#224;m l&#7841;c h&#432;&#7899;ng v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;</span></p></li><li><p><span>Qui n&#7841;p sai</span></p></li><li><p><span>Nh&#7853;p nh&#7857;ng &#273;&#225;nh l&#7853;n con &#273;en</span></p></li><li><p><span>Phi logic</span></p></li><li><p><span>C&#225;c nh&#7847;m l&#7851;n kh&#225;c</span></p></li></ul><p><strong><span>Nh&#243;m 1. &#272;&#225;nh tr&#225;o ch&#7911; &#273;&#7873;</span></strong></p><p><strong><span>1. C&#244;ng k&#237;ch c&#225; nh&#226;n (ad hominem). </span></strong></p><p><span>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#7845;t, th&#7845;p k&#233;m nh&#7845;t, nguy hi&#7875;m nh&#7845;t, nh&#432;ng c&#243; &#8220;c&#244;ng hi&#7879;u&#8221; nh&#7845;t, v&#236; n&#243; t&#7845;n c&#244;ng v&#224;o c&#225; nh&#226;n c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i tranh lu&#7853;n, v&#224; t&#236;m c&#225;ch tr&#7889;n tr&#225;nh lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a c&#225; nh&#226;n &#273;&#243;. H&#236;nh th&#7913;c ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n d&#432;&#7899;i d&#7841;ng: &#212;ng A ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u v&#7873; m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;; &#244;ng B t&#7845;n c&#244;ng v&#224;o c&#225; nh&#226;n &#244;ng A, v&#224; l&#224;m cho ng&#432;&#7901;i ta nghi ng&#7901; lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a &#244;ng A. Tuy nhi&#234;n, c&#243; th&#7875; kh&#244;ng c&#243; m&#7889;i li&#234;n h&#7879; n&#224;o gi&#7919;a c&#225; nh&#226;n v&#224; lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a &#244;ng A. </span></p><p><span>C&#243; hai h&#236;nh th&#7913;c thu&#7897;c lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y. </span></p><p><span>Th&#7913; nh&#7845;t l&#224; d&#432;&#7899;i h&#236;nh th&#7913;c s&#7881; nh&#7909;c, hay ch&#7917;i r&#7911;a. Khi b&#7845;t &#273;&#7891;ng &#253; ki&#7871;n, ng&#432;&#7901;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n ch&#7881; vi&#7879;c c&#244;ng k&#237;ch v&#224;o c&#225; nh&#226;n c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;&#212;ng n&#243;i l&#224; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#244; th&#7847;n c&#243; &#273;&#7841;o &#273;&#7913;c, v&#7853;y m&#224; ch&#237;nh &#244;ng l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7915;ng li d&#7883; v&#7899;i v&#7907; con,&#8221; hay &#8220;&#212;ng l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#224;m kinh t&#7871;, kh&#244;ng bi&#7871;t g&#236; v&#7873; khoa h&#7885;c, m&#224; n&#243;i chuy&#7879;n khoa h&#7885;c&#8221;. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n, b&#7903;i v&#236; s&#7921; th&#7853;t c&#7911;a ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u kh&#244;ng t&#249;y thu&#7897;c v&#224;o c&#225; nh&#226;n c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u, m&#224; l&#224; logic c&#7911;a l&#7901;i ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u. </span></p><p><span>C&#361;ng n&#7857;m trong lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y l&#224; th&#243;i d&#249;ng m&#7897;t &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a m&#7897;t v&#7853;t th&#7875; n&#224;o &#273;&#243; &#273;&#7875; &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng cho m&#7897;t c&#225; nh&#226;n hay m&#7897;t v&#7853;t th&#7875; kh&#225;c. V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;Anh h&#7885;c c&#7911;a T&#226;y c&#243; v&#224;i ch&#7919; m&#224; &#273;&#227; quay l&#7841;i ch&#7917;i b&#7899;i &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p &#224;? Anh l&#224; con &#244;ng ch&#225;u cha, anh kh&#244;ng hi&#7875;u g&#236; v&#7873; s&#7921; ngh&#232;o kh&#7893; c&#7911;a ch&#250;ng t&#244;i.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>2. L&#7907;i d&#7909;ng quy&#7873;n l&#7921;c (ad verecundiam). </span></strong></p><p><span>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n d&#249;ng nh&#7919;ng nh&#226;n v&#7853;t n&#7893;i ti&#7871;ng hay &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i &#225;i m&#7897; &#273;&#7875; t&#236;m s&#7921; &#7911;ng h&#7897; cho lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;Isaac Newton l&#224; m&#7897;t thi&#234;n t&#224;i, v&#224; &#244;ng tin v&#224;o Th&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#7871;,&#8221; l&#224;m nh&#432; &#244;ng Newton l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; th&#7849;m quy&#7873;n &#273;&#7875; ch&#250;ng ta tin v&#224;o Th&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#7871;. Th&#7849;m quy&#7873;n kh&#244;ng thuy&#7871;t ph&#7909;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ai; ch&#7881; c&#243; s&#7921; th&#7853;t, l&#237; l&#7869; v&#224; logic m&#7899;i quan tr&#7885;ng v&#224; c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng thuy&#7871;t ph&#7909;c.</span></p><p><strong><span>3. L&#7907;i d&#7909;ng n&#7863;c danh.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p n&#224;y, ng&#432;&#7901;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n kh&#244;ng n&#234;u danh t&#237;nh ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; th&#7849;m quy&#7873;n, v&#224; v&#236; kh&#244;ng ai bi&#7871;t t&#234;n ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; th&#7849;m quy&#7873;n n&#234;n kh&#244;ng ai c&#243; th&#7875; ki&#7875;m ch&#7913;ng s&#7921; ch&#237;nh x&#225;c c&#7911;a l&#7901;i ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u. </span></p><p><span>M&#7897;t lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n kh&#225;c c&#243; quan h&#7879; v&#7899;i lo&#7841;i n&#224;y l&#224; d&#249;ng l&#7901;i &#273;&#7891;n &#273;&#7841;i &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m c&#417; s&#7903; l&#7853;p lu&#7853;n. Gi&#7899;i c&#244;ng an hay s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y, v&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432; &#8220;M&#7897;t vi&#234;n ch&#7913;c t&#236;nh b&#225;o cho bi&#7871;t ch&#237;nh anh t&#7915;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng cho &#273;&#7883;ch.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>4. L&#7907;i d&#7909;ng t&#225;c phong.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y d&#249;ng t&#225;c phong hay c&#225;ch l&#224;m vi&#7879;c hay m&#7897;t &#273;&#7863;c t&#237;nh n&#224;o &#273;&#243; c&#7911;a &#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#7875; c&#7889; thuy&#7871;t ph&#7909;c v&#7873; t&#237;nh h&#7907;p l&#237; c&#7911;a ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u. Ti&#234;u bi&#7875;u cho lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y l&#224; nh&#7919;ng ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u nh&#432; &#8220;Nixon th&#7845;t c&#7917; v&#236; &#244;ng ta th&#432;&#7901;ng hay ra m&#7891; h&#244;i tr&#234;n tr&#225;n,&#8221; hay &#8220;T&#7841;i sao anh kh&#244;ng nghe theo l&#7901;i khuy&#234;n c&#7911;a anh ch&#224;ng &#259;n m&#7863;c b&#7843;nh bao &#273;&#243;?&#8221; Th&#7921;c ra, &#8220;b&#7843;nh bao&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;m&#7891; h&#244;i tr&#234;n tr&#225;n&#8221; ch&#7859;ng c&#243; d&#237;nh d&#225;ng g&#236; &#273;&#7871;n v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; &#273;ang b&#224;n th&#7843;o.</span></p><p><strong><span>5. Lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7879;u c&#225; tr&#237;ch. </span></strong></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng hay &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng khi m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i n&#224;o &#273;&#243; &#273;&#432;a v&#224;o nh&#7919;ng ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u kh&#244;ng d&#237;nh d&#225;ng g&#236; &#273;&#7871;n v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; &#273;ang tranh lu&#7853;n, nh&#7857;m m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch &#273;&#225;nh l&#7841;c h&#432;&#7899;ng v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;. V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;Anh c&#243; th&#7875; n&#243;i r&#7857;ng t&#7917; h&#236;nh l&#224; m&#7897;t h&#236;nh th&#7913;c kh&#244;ng c&#243; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; trong vi&#7879;c ch&#7889;ng l&#7841;i t&#7897;i ph&#7841;m, nh&#432;ng c&#242;n n&#7841;n nh&#226;n c&#7911;a t&#7897;i ph&#7841;m th&#236; sao? Gia &#273;&#236;nh c&#7911;a n&#7841;n nh&#226;n s&#7869; ngh&#297; g&#236; khi h&#7885; th&#7845;y t&#234;n s&#225;t nh&#226;n ng&#432;&#7901;i th&#226;n c&#7911;a h&#7885; b&#7883; giam gi&#7919; trong nh&#224; t&#249; b&#7857;ng &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n c&#7911;a ch&#237;nh h&#7885;. H&#7885; c&#243; n&#234;n nu&#244;i d&#432;&#7905;ng nh&#7919;ng t&#234;n s&#225;t nh&#226;n nh&#432; th&#7871; kh&#244;ng?&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>6. Lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7879;u ng&#432;&#7907;c ng&#7841;o.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>B&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng lu&#244;n lu&#244;n l&#224; g&#225;nh n&#7863;ng c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u. Do &#273;&#243;, t&#236;m c&#225;ch chuy&#7875;n g&#225;nh n&#7863;ng &#273;&#243; cho m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c l&#224; m&#7897;t th&#7911; &#273;o&#7841;n c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; trong c&#226;u n&#224;y &#8220;Anh n&#243;i r&#7857;ng &#259;n nhi&#7873;u m&#7905; kh&#244;ng li&#234;n quan &#273;&#7871;n cholesterol, nh&#432;ng anh c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7913;ng minh &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; kh&#244;ng?&#8221; &#272;&#225;ng l&#7869; ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u ph&#7843;i ch&#7913;ng minh, nh&#432;ng c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c &#273;&#243; l&#7841;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c chuy&#7875;n cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i!</span></p><p><strong><span>Nh&#243;m 2. L&#7907;i d&#7909;ng c&#7843;m t&#237;nh v&#224; &#273;&#225;m &#273;&#244;ng</span></strong></p><p><strong><span>7. D&#7921;a v&#224;o b&#7841;o l&#7921;c (ad baculum). </span></strong></p><p><span>Ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n d&#7921;a v&#224;o b&#7841;o l&#7921;c th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t l&#224; m&#7897;t s&#7921; &#273;e d&#7885;a, nh&#7857;m m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch g&#226;y &#225;p l&#7921;c cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i ph&#7843;i ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n m&#7897;t k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n n&#224;o &#273;&#243;. Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7899;i ch&#237;nh kh&#225;ch d&#249;ng, v&#224; c&#243; th&#7875; t&#243;m g&#7885;n b&#7857;ng m&#7897;t c&#226;u &#8220;ch&#226;n l&#237; thu&#7897;c v&#7873; k&#7867; m&#7841;nh&#8221;. S&#7921; &#273;e d&#7885;a kh&#244;ng h&#7859;n ch&#7881; xu&#7845;t ph&#225;t t&#7915; ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u, m&#224; c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7915; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c. V&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432; &#8220;Nh&#7919;ng ai kh&#244;ng tin v&#224;o ch&#237;nh s&#225;ch c&#7911;a Nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c s&#7869; ph&#7843;i tr&#7843; gi&#225; &#273;&#7855;t&#8221;, hay &#8220;&#272;&#432;&#7907;c r&#7891;i, t&#244;i &#273;&#227; bi&#7871;t s&#7889; &#273;i&#7879;n tho&#7841;i c&#7911;a anh v&#224; bi&#7871;t anh &#273;ang &#7903; &#273;&#226;u. &#192;, t&#244;i c&#243; n&#243;i cho anh bi&#7871;t l&#224; t&#244;i m&#7899;i mua m&#7897;t c&#226;y s&#250;ng ng&#7855;n ch&#432;a nh&#7881;?&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>8. L&#7907;i d&#7909;ng l&#242;ng th&#432;&#417;ng h&#7841;i (ad misericordiam).</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n d&#7921;a v&#224;o l&#242;ng tr&#7855;c &#7849;n c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i &#273;&#7875; ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n l&#237; l&#7869; c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. V&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432; &#8220;Anh &#7845;y kh&#244;ng c&#243; gi&#7871;t ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7857;ng b&#250;a. L&#224;m &#417;n &#273;&#7915;ng tuy&#234;n &#225;n anh &#7845;y c&#243; t&#7897;i, anh &#7845;y &#273;ang tr&#7843;i qua m&#7897;t giai &#273;o&#7841;n kh&#7911;ng ho&#7843;ng tinh th&#7847;n,&#8221; hay &#8220;T&#244;i hi v&#7885;ng anh s&#7869; ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n &#273;&#7873; ngh&#7883; n&#224;y, ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#227; ti&#234;u ra ba th&#225;ng nay &#273;&#7875; b&#224;n r&#7891;i &#273;&#7845;y.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>9. L&#7907;i d&#7909;ng h&#7853;u qu&#7843; (ad consequentiam).</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n lo&#7841;i n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c bi&#7875;u hi&#7879;n qua c&#225;ch ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u &#8220;A h&#224;m &#253; B, B l&#224; s&#7921; th&#7853;t, do &#273;&#243; A l&#224; s&#7921; th&#7853;t&#8221;. V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;N&#7871;u v&#361; tr&#7909; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t &#273;&#7845;ng ch&#237; t&#244;n th&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#7871; t&#7841;o n&#234;n, ch&#250;ng ta c&#243; th&#7875; th&#7845;y nh&#7919;ng hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c t&#7893; ch&#7913;c m&#7897;t c&#225;ch th&#7913; t&#7921;. V&#224; hi&#7879;n t&#432;&#7907;ng chung quanh ch&#250;ng ta qu&#7843; r&#7845;t th&#7913; t&#7921;, v&#7853;y &#273;&#7845;ng ch&#237; t&#244;n th&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#7871; ch&#237;nh l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7841;o n&#234;n v&#361; tr&#7909;,&#8221; hay &#8220;Anh ph&#7843;i tin v&#224;o &#272;&#7843;ng C&#7897;ng h&#242;a, ch&#7913; n&#7871;u kh&#244;ng cu&#7897;c &#273;&#7901;i n&#224;y s&#7869; ch&#7859;ng c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a&#8221; (hay l&#224; n&#243;i m&#7897;t c&#225;ch ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i: cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng n&#224;y ch&#7859;ng c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a g&#236; n&#7871;u kh&#244;ng c&#243; &#272;&#7843;ng c&#7897;ng h&#242;a!)</span></p><p><strong><span>10. L&#7841;m d&#7909;ng ch&#7919; ngh&#297;a.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n d&#7921;a v&#224;o d&#249;ng nh&#7919;ng ch&#7919; mang c&#7843;m t&#237;nh cao &#273;&#7875; g&#7855;n m&#7897;t gi&#225; tr&#7883; &#273;&#7841;o &#273;&#7913;c v&#224;o m&#7897;t &#273;&#7873; ngh&#7883; hay m&#7897;t c&#226;u ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; trong c&#226;u &#8220;B&#7845;t c&#7913; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; l&#432;&#417;ng tri n&#224;o c&#361;ng ph&#7843;i &#273;&#7891;ng &#253; r&#7857;ng v&#7873; Vi&#7879;t Nam &#259;n T&#7871;t l&#224; l&#224;m l&#7907;i cho c&#7897;ng s&#7843;n,&#8221; ch&#7919; &#8220;l&#432;&#417;ng tri&#8221; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#224;i v&#224;o nh&#7857;m cho ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i ph&#7843;i nghi&#234;ng theo nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; l&#432;&#417;ng tri.</span></p><p><strong><span>11. D&#7921;a v&#224;o qu&#7847;n ch&#250;ng (ad numerum).</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y tin r&#7857;ng n&#7871;u c&#243; nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i &#7911;ng h&#7897; m&#7897;t &#273;&#7873; ngh&#7883; n&#224;o &#273;&#243;, th&#236; &#273;&#7873; ngh&#7883; &#273;&#243; ph&#7843;i &#273;&#250;ng. V&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432; &#8220;&#272;&#7841;i &#273;a s&#7889; ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#226;n trong c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng &#7911;ng h&#7897; &#244;ng Minh, v&#7853;y ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u c&#7911;a &#244;ng Minh &#7855;t ph&#7843;i &#273;&#250;ng.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>Nh&#243;m 3. L&#224;m l&#7841;c h&#432;&#7899;ng v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;</span></strong></p><p><strong><span>12. L&#237; l&#7869; ch&#7867; &#273;&#244;i.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng ph&#226;n &#273;&#7883;nh m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; th&#224;nh hai gi&#225; tr&#7883;: tr&#7855;ng v&#224; &#273;en, b&#7841;n v&#224; th&#249;, c&#243; v&#224; kh&#244;ng, v.v.. d&#249; trong th&#7921;c t&#7871;, c&#243; h&#417;n hai l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;Ho&#7863;c l&#224; anh h&#7907;p t&#225;c v&#7899;i t&#244;i hay l&#224; anh ch&#7889;ng t&#244;i, anh ch&#7885;n h&#432;&#7899;ng n&#224;o, yes hay l&#224; no?&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>13. L&#237; l&#7869; ng&#7901; ngh&#7879;ch (ad ignorantiam).</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y, nh&#432; t&#234;n g&#7885;i &#225;m ch&#7881;, xu&#7845;t ph&#225;t t&#7915; s&#7921; ng&#7899; ng&#7849;n. M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng c&#225;ch n&#243;i th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#7845;t trong lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y m&#224; gi&#7899;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n hay d&#249;ng l&#224; n&#7871;u m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; &#273;&#243; ch&#432;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7913;ng minh l&#224; sai (hay gi&#7843;) th&#236; &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; l&#224; &#273;&#250;ng (hay th&#7853;t). V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;B&#7903;i v&#236; c&#225;c nh&#224; khoa h&#7885;c ch&#432;a ch&#7913;ng minh dioxin c&#243; th&#7875; g&#226;y ra d&#7883; thai, do &#273;&#243; dioxin kh&#244;ng th&#7875; g&#226;y ra d&#7883; thai,&#8221; hay ki&#7875;u l&#237; lu&#7853;n c&#7911;a &#8220;n&#7873;n kinh t&#7871; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n v&#224; x&#227; h&#7897;i &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh m&#7845;y n&#259;m nay, kh&#244;ng c&#243; l&#253; do g&#236; ph&#7843;i c&#7847;n &#273;&#7871;n d&#226;n ch&#7911;&#8221;.</span></p><p><strong><span>14. L&#237; lu&#7853;n l&#432;&#417;n tr&#7841;ch.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y cho r&#7857;ng n&#7871;u m&#7897;t s&#7921; ki&#7879;n x&#7843;y ra, c&#225;c s&#7921; ki&#7879;n c&#243; h&#7841;i kh&#225;c s&#7869; x&#7843;y ra. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;N&#7871;u ch&#250;ng ta h&#7907;p ph&#225;p h&#243;a c&#7847;n sa, c&#244;ng ch&#250;ng s&#7869; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u h&#250;t c&#7847;n sa, v&#224; ch&#250;ng ta c&#361;ng s&#7869; ph&#7843;i h&#7907;p ph&#225;p h&#243;a &#225; phi&#7879;n. R&#7891;i ch&#250;ng ta s&#7869; l&#224; m&#7897;t qu&#7889;c gia v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#259;n b&#225;m v&#224;o x&#227; h&#7897;i. Do &#273;&#243;, ch&#250;ng ta kh&#244;ng th&#7875; h&#7907;p ph&#225;p h&#243;a n&#243;&#8221;. Hay m&#7897;t &#273;o&#7841;n v&#237; d&#7909; kh&#225;c:&#8221; Ti&#7871;c thay m&#7897;t cu&#7897;c c&#7843;i c&#225;ch v&#7873; kinh t&#7871;, t&#224;i ch&#225;nh, x&#227; h&#7897;i, n&#244;ng nghi&#7879;p nh&#432; v&#7853;y, &#273;ang tr&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng th&#224;nh c&#244;ng r&#7921;c r&#7905;: b&#7883; tan v&#7905;, b&#7883; hu&#7927; b&#7887; ch&#7881; v&#236; tham v&#7885;ng &#273;&#225;nh &#272;&#7841;i vi&#7879;t c&#7911;a V&#432;&#417;ng An Th&#7841;ch. M&#224; &#273;au &#273;&#7899;n bi&#7871;t bao, khi ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#225; v&#7905; ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t thi&#7871;u ph&#7909; Vi&#7879;t &#7903; tu&#7893;i ba m&#432;&#417;i. Gi&#225; nh&#432; Th&#7841;ch kh&#244;ng ch&#7911; tr&#432;&#417;ng Nam x&#226;m, ch&#7881; c&#7847;n m&#432;&#7901;i n&#259;m n&#7919;a, to&#224;n b&#7897; x&#227; h&#7897;i Trung qu&#7889;c thay &#273;&#7893;i; r&#7891;i v&#7899;i c&#225;i &#273;&#224; &#273;&#243;, th&#236; Trung qu&#7889;c s&#7869; l&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c h&#249;ng m&#7841;nh v&#244; song, e r&#7857;ng c&#7913; mu&#244;n &#273;&#7901;i m&#7863;t tr&#7901;i v&#7851;n n&#7903; ph&#432;&#417;ng &#272;&#244;ng ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ng&#7843; v&#7873; T&#226;y nh&#432; h&#7891;i th&#7871; k&#7881; 18 cho &#273;&#7871;n nay bao gi&#7901;.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>15. M&#7879;nh &#273;&#7873; r&#7901;i r&#7841;c.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n d&#249;ng hai (hay nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n hai) m&#7879;nh &#273;&#7873; ch&#7859;ng d&#237;nh d&#225;ng g&#236; v&#7899;i nhau &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m th&#224;nh m&#7897;t ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u hay k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n. V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;Anh &#7911;ng h&#7897; t&#7921; do d&#226;n ch&#7911; v&#224; quy&#7873;n mang v&#361; kh&#237; hay kh&#244;ng?&#8221; hay &#8220;Anh &#273;&#227; ng&#432;ng l&#224;m &#259;n tr&#225;i ph&#233;p ch&#432;a?&#8221; C&#226;u h&#7887;i sau th&#7921;c ra h&#7887;i hai v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; &#8220;Anh t&#7915;ng l&#224;m &#259;n tr&#225;i ph&#233;p?&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;Anh &#273;&#227; ng&#7915;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng hay ch&#432;a?&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>16. &#272;&#417;n gi&#7843;n h&#243;a.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n m&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u c&#7889; t&#236;nh bi&#7871;n m&#7897;t quan ni&#7879;m tr&#7915;u t&#432;&#7907;ng th&#224;nh m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u c&#7909; th&#7875; &#273;&#7875; b&#7855;t l&#7845;y th&#7871; th&#432;&#7907;ng phong trong &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i (nh&#432;ng l&#224; ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n). V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;T&#244;i &#273;&#7875; &#253; th&#7845;y anh m&#244; t&#7843; &#244;ng ta l&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i qu&#7881; quy&#7879;t. V&#7853;y t&#244;i h&#7887;i anh c&#225;i &#8220;qu&#7881; quy&#7879;t&#8221; &#273;&#243; n&#243; n&#7857;m &#7903; &#273;&#226;u trong b&#7897; n&#227;o? Anh kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; ra &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cho t&#244;i; do &#273;&#243;, t&#244;i c&#243; th&#7875; n&#243;i c&#225;i qu&#7881; quy&#7879;t kh&#244;ng c&#243; th&#7921;c.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>Nh&#243;m 4. Qui n&#7841;p sai</span></strong></p><p><strong><span>17. Kh&#225;i qu&#225;t h&#243;a v&#7897;i v&#227;.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y c&#361;ng kh&#225; ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n. N&#243; d&#249;ng m&#7897;t v&#237; d&#7909; hay tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p nh&#7887; v&#224; t&#7915; &#273;&#243; kh&#225;i qu&#225;t h&#243;a cho m&#7897;t c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;&#212;ng &#7845;y l&#224; m&#7897;t tay &#273;&#7841;o &#273;&#7913;c gi&#7843;. Do &#273;&#243;, c&#225;c b&#7841;n b&#232; c&#7911;a &#244;ng &#7845;y c&#361;ng gi&#7843; d&#7889;i.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>18. Kh&#225;i qu&#225;t h&#243;a kh&#244;ng &#273;&#250;ng ch&#7895;.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n m&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ch&#250;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng &#225;p d&#7909;ng m&#7897;t qui lu&#7853;t chung cho m&#7897;t t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng hay m&#7897;t c&#225; nh&#226;n. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;Ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#7897;ng s&#7843;n l&#224; v&#244; th&#7847;n. Anh l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i theo ch&#7911; ngh&#297;a c&#7897;ng s&#7843;n, v&#7853;y anh ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n l&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#244; th&#7847;n.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>19. K&#233;o d&#224;i t&#237;nh t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7891;ng.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Trong lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y, ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#249;ng n&#243; &#273;&#7873; ngh&#7883; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u l&#7879; chung chung, r&#7891;i &#225;p d&#7909;ng n&#243; cho m&#7885;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p v&#224; c&#225; nh&#226;n. V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;T&#244;i tin r&#7857;ng ch&#7889;ng lu&#7853;t ph&#225;p b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch ph&#7841;m lu&#7853;t ph&#225;p l&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u sai tr&#225;i&#8221;, hay &#8220;Anh mu&#7889;n n&#243;i r&#7857;ng lu&#7853;t v&#7873; m&#7853;t m&#227; c&#361;ng c&#243; t&#7847;m quan tr&#7885;ng t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng v&#7899;i phong tr&#224;o gi&#7843;i ph&#243;ng sao? Sao anh d&#225;m n&#243;i th&#7871;?&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>20. L&#237; l&#7869; quanh co.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng lu&#7849;n qu&#7849;n trong v&#224;i gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh v&#224; k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7891;ng t&#237;nh luy&#7871;n &#225;i nh&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh kh&#244;ng th&#7875; n&#7855;m ch&#237;nh quy&#7873;n. Do &#273;&#243;, ph&#7843;i t&#7889;ng kh&#7913; nh&#7919;ng vi&#234;n ch&#7913;c ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; &#273;&#7891;ng t&#237;nh luy&#7871;n &#225;i. V&#236; th&#7871;, nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7891;ng t&#237;nh luy&#7871;n &#225;i s&#7869; l&#224;m m&#7885;i c&#225;ch &#273;&#7875; d&#7845;u di&#7871;m h&#224;nh tung c&#7911;a h&#7885;, v&#224; h&#7885; c&#243; nguy c&#417; b&#7883; t&#7889;ng ti&#7873;n. Do v&#7853;y, nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7891;ng t&#237;nh luy&#7871;n &#225;i kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7919;a ch&#7913;c v&#7909; g&#236; trong ch&#237;nh ph&#7911;.&#8221; T&#7913;c l&#224; trong m&#7897;t l&#237; gi&#7843;i nh&#432; th&#7871;, c&#7843; hai gi&#7843; thuy&#7871;t v&#224; k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n &#273;&#7873;u gi&#7889;ng nhau.</span></p><p><strong><span>21. &#272;&#7843;o ng&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c bi&#7875;u hi&#7879;n qua h&#236;nh th&#7913;c &#8220;N&#7871;u A x&#7843;y ra th&#236; B s&#7869; x&#7843;y ra, do &#273;&#243;, n&#7871;u B x&#7843;y ra th&#236; A s&#7869; x&#7843;y ra.&#8221; V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;N&#7871;u ti&#234;u chu&#7849;n gi&#225;o d&#7909;c b&#7883; h&#7841; th&#7845;p, ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng tranh lu&#7853;n s&#7869; b&#7883; t&#7891;i &#273;i. Do &#273;&#243;, n&#7871;u ch&#250;ng ta th&#7845;y ch&#7845;t l&#432;&#7907;ng tranh lu&#7853;n suy &#273;&#7891;i trong nh&#7919;ng n&#259;m s&#7855;p &#273;&#7871;n, th&#236; &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; cho th&#7845;y ti&#234;u chu&#7849;n gi&#225;o d&#7909;c c&#7911;a ta b&#7883; xu&#7889;ng c&#7845;p.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>22. L&#7907;i d&#7909;ng r&#7911;i ro.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng d&#249;ng m&#7897;t qui lu&#7853;t chung v&#224; &#225;p d&#7909;ng n&#243; cho m&#7897;t tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p c&#225; bi&#7879;t. V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;Lu&#7853;t giao th&#244;ng kh&#244;ng cho anh ch&#7841;y qu&#225; 50 km/h. Cho d&#249; cha anh s&#7855;p ch&#7871;t anh c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7841;y qu&#225; t&#7889;c &#273;&#7897; &#273;&#243;.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>23. L&#7907;i d&#7909;ng tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p c&#225; bi&#7879;t.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng d&#249;ng m&#7897;t tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p c&#225; bi&#7879;t &#273;&#7875; &#273;em ra &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng cho m&#7897;t &#273;&#225;m &#273;&#244;ng. V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;Ch&#250;ng ta cho ph&#233;p b&#7879;nh nh&#226;n s&#7855;p ch&#7871;t d&#249;ng &#225; phi&#7879;n, ch&#250;ng ta n&#234;n cho ph&#233;p m&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i d&#249;ng &#225; phi&#7879;n.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>24. K&#7871;t lu&#7853;n l&#7841;c &#273;&#7873;.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n khi m&#7897;t k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n ch&#7859;ng d&#237;nh d&#225;ng g&#236; &#273;&#7871;n l&#237; l&#7869; m&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i bi&#7879;n lu&#7853;n tr&#236;nh b&#224;y. M&#7897;t v&#237; d&#7909; ti&#234;u bi&#7875;u cho tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y l&#224;: &#8220;&#272;&#7897; nhi&#7877;m arsenic trong n&#432;&#7899;c &#7903; Vi&#7879;t Nam ch&#432;a cao v&#224; c&#242;n trong m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; cho ph&#233;p. D&#7919; ki&#7879;n c&#7911;a Bangladesh cho th&#7845;y t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng nhi&#7877;m arsenic &#7903; Vi&#7879;t Nam r&#7845;t tr&#7847;m tr&#7885;ng.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>25. Ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n r&#417;m.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y c&#7889; t&#236;nh xuy&#234;n t&#7841;c, b&#243;p m&#233;o quan &#273;i&#7875;m hay ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c, &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m t&#7845;n c&#244;ng. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n, v&#236; n&#243; kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7847;u v&#7899;i c&#225;i l&#237; l&#7869; &#273;ang b&#224;n. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432;: &#8220;Ch&#250;ng ta n&#234;n &#7911;ng h&#7897; ch&#7871; &#273;&#7897; c&#432;&#7905;ng b&#225;ch qu&#226;n d&#7883;ch. Ng&#432;&#7901;i ta kh&#244;ng th&#237;ch t&#242;ng qu&#226;n v&#236; h&#7885; kh&#244;ng mu&#7889;n cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng b&#7883; &#273;&#7843;o l&#7897;n. Nh&#432;ng h&#7885; c&#7847;n nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c r&#7857;ng c&#243; nhi&#7873;u &#273;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n ti&#7879;n nghi trong cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>Nh&#243;m 5. Nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n gi&#7843; t&#7841;o</span></strong></p><p><strong><span>26. &#8220;Post hoc&#8221;.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng hai s&#7921; ki&#7879;n x&#7843;y ra, m&#7897;t tr&#432;&#7899;c v&#224; m&#7897;t sau, c&#243; quan h&#7879; v&#7899;i nhau nh&#432; nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n v&#224; h&#7853;u qu&#7843;. V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;Li&#234;n X&#244; s&#7909;p &#273;&#7893; sau khi nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c theo ch&#7911; ngh&#297;a v&#244; th&#7847;n. Do &#273;&#243;, ch&#250;ng ta ph&#7843;i t&#7915; b&#7887; ch&#7911; ngh&#297;a v&#244; th&#7847;n &#273;&#7875; kh&#7887;i b&#7883; suy s&#7909;p.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>27. &#7842;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng li&#234;n &#273;&#7899;i.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>M&#7897;t s&#7921; ki&#7879;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cho l&#224; c&#243; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t s&#7921; ki&#7879;n kh&#225;c, nh&#432;ng th&#7921;c ch&#7845;t th&#236; c&#7843; hai s&#7921; ki&#7879;n &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; c&#249;ng m&#7897;t nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n. &#272;&#226;y c&#361;ng ch&#237;nh l&#224; m&#7897;t tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n d&#432;&#7899;i d&#7841;ng &#8220;post hoc&#8221;. V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;Ch&#250;ng ta &#273;ang ch&#7913;ng ki&#7871;n m&#7897;t t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng th&#7845;t nghi&#7879;p r&#7845;t cao, v&#236; do thi&#7871;u nhu c&#7847;u c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i ti&#234;u th&#7909;.&#8221; (Nh&#432;ng c&#243; th&#7875; c&#7843; hai s&#7921; ki&#7879;n c&#243; nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n t&#7915; ti&#7873;n l&#7901;i qu&#225; cao.)</span></p><p><strong><span>28. &#7842;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875;.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n mang t&#237;nh ph&#243;ng &#273;&#7841;i t&#7915; m&#7897;t &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng r&#7845;t nh&#7887;. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;H&#250;t thu&#7889;c g&#226;y ra &#244; nhi&#7877;m m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#7903; Sydney&#8221; l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u &#273;&#250;ng, nh&#432;ng &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a thu&#7889;c l&#225; &#273;&#7871;n m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng r&#7845;t khi&#234;m t&#7889;n khi so v&#7899;i &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng c&#7911;a kh&#243;i xe v&#224; c&#225;c h&#227;ng x&#432;&#7903;ng.</span></p><p><strong><span>29. &#7842;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng ng&#432;&#7907;c chi&#7873;u.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>M&#7889;i quan h&#7879; gi&#7919;a nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n v&#224; h&#7853;u qu&#7843; b&#7883; &#273;&#7843;o ng&#432;&#7907;c chi&#7873;u &#273;&#7875; t&#236;m &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n mang t&#237;nh ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n. V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;Ung th&#432; g&#226;y ra th&#243;i quen h&#250;t thu&#7889;c l&#225;&#8221;.</span></p><p><strong><span>30. Nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>M&#7897;t s&#7921; ki&#7879;n x&#7843;y ra c&#243; th&#7875; do nhi&#7873;u nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n kh&#225;c nhau, nh&#432;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n h&#243;a th&#224;nh m&#7897;t li&#234;n h&#7879; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;Tai n&#7841;n xe c&#7897; l&#224; do &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng x&#225; x&#7845;u&#8221; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#250;ng, nh&#432;ng tai n&#7841;n c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; do ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#225;i xe &#7849;u trong m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n x&#7845;u.</span></p><p><strong><span>31. Nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n sai (Non causa pro causa).</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y x&#7843;y ra khi m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;o &#273;&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c cho l&#224; nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n c&#7911;a m&#7897;t s&#7921; ki&#7879;n, nh&#432;ng n&#243; ch&#432;a th&#7921;c s&#7921; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7913;ng minh l&#224; nguy&#234;n nh&#226;n. V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;T&#244;i u&#7889;ng m&#7897;t vi&#234;n aspirin v&#224; c&#7847;u nguy&#7879;n th&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#7871;, v&#224; t&#244;i kh&#244;ng c&#242;n b&#7883; nh&#7913;c &#273;&#7847;u. Nh&#432; v&#7853;y th&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#7871; &#273;&#227; ch&#7919;a tr&#7883; t&#244;i kh&#7887;i nh&#7913;c &#273;&#7847;u.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>Nh&#243;m 6. Phi logic (non sequitur) v&#224; nh&#7847;m l&#7851;n trong tam &#273;o&#7841;n lu&#7853;n</span></strong></p><p><strong><span>32. Phi logic.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n phi logic th&#432;&#7901;ng x&#7843;y ra trong tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p m&#7897;t l&#237; l&#7869; m&#224; k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c r&#250;t ra t&#7915; nh&#7919;ng ti&#234;u &#273;&#7873; kh&#244;ng d&#237;nh d&#225;ng g&#236; v&#7899;i nhau. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;Ng&#432;&#7901;i Ai C&#7853;p &#273;&#227; t&#7915;ng l&#224;m nhi&#7873;u khai qu&#7853;t &#273;&#7875; x&#226;y d&#7921;ng nh&#7919;ng kim t&#7921; th&#225;p, h&#7885; ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n ph&#7843;i r&#7845;t th&#7841;o v&#7873; c&#7893; sinh v&#7853;t h&#7885;c.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>33. Lo&#7841;i b&#7887; ti&#7873;n &#273;&#7873;.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n lo&#7841;i n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng x&#7843;y ra d&#432;&#7899;i h&#236;nh th&#7913;c &#8220;n&#7871;u A th&#236; B, kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i A th&#236; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i B.&#8221; V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;N&#7871;u t&#244;i &#7903; Sydney th&#236; t&#244;i &#273;ang &#7903; New South Wales. T&#244;i hi&#7879;n kh&#244;ng &#7903; Sydney, do &#273;&#243;, t&#244;i kh&#244;ng &#7903; New South Wales&#8221;.</span></p><p><strong><span>34. Nh&#233;t ch&#7919; v&#224;o mi&#7879;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch d&#249;ng k&#297; thu&#7853;t ph&#7887;ng v&#7845;n. M&#7897;t tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p c&#7893; &#273;i&#7875;n l&#224; &#8220;&#212;ng &#273;&#227; ng&#432;ng &#273;&#225;nh v&#7907; ch&#432;a?&#8221; T&#7913;c l&#224; m&#7897;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i v&#7899;i m&#7897;t gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh r&#7857;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c h&#7887;i t&#7915;ng h&#224;nh hung v&#7907;. &#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t m&#7865;o m&#224; gi&#7899;i lu&#7853;t s&#432; th&#432;&#7901;ng hay d&#249;ng trong th&#7849;m v&#7845;n. &#8220;&#212;ng d&#7845;u ti&#7873;n &#259;n c&#7855;p &#273;&#243; &#7903; &#273;&#226;u?&#8221; Gi&#7899;i ch&#237;nh kh&#225;ch c&#361;ng th&#237;ch m&#7865;o n&#224;y, &#273;&#7841;i kh&#225;i nh&#432; &#8220;Bao gi&#7901; th&#236; nh&#243;m EU n&#224;y s&#7869; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n x&#226;m ph&#7841;m v&#224;o c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c c&#7911;a ch&#250;ng ta?&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>35. Ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n t&#7913; ng&#7919;. (M&#7897;t ti&#234;u chu&#7849;n c&#7911;a tam &#273;o&#7841;n lu&#7853;n g&#7891;m c&#243; 3 ch&#7919;).</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>V&#237; d&#7909; nh&#432; trong c&#226;u ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u &#8220;T&#7845;t c&#7843; ch&#243; l&#224; th&#250; v&#7853;t, v&#224; t&#7845;t c&#7843; m&#232;o l&#224; lo&#224;i &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7853;t c&#243; v&#250;, do &#273;&#243; t&#7845;t c&#7843; ch&#243; l&#224; lo&#224;i &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7853;t c&#243; v&#250;,&#8221; c&#243; b&#7889;n ch&#7919;: ch&#243;, m&#232;o, &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7853;t, v&#224; &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7853;t c&#243; v&#250;.</span></p><p><strong><span>36. &#272;&#7913;t &#273;o&#7841;n.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Hai s&#7921; v&#7853;t ri&#234;ng bi&#7879;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xem l&#224; c&#243; li&#234;n h&#7879; nhau n&#7871;u ch&#250;ng c&#243; chung &#273;&#7863;c t&#237;nh. Ng&#432;&#7901;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n l&#7907;i d&#7909;ng ch&#7919; gi&#7919;a c&#7911;a m&#7897;t ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#432;a &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n sai. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; trong c&#226;u &#8220;T&#7845;t c&#7843; ng&#432;&#7901;i Nga l&#224; nh&#224; c&#225;ch m&#7841;ng, v&#224; t&#7845;t c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i theo ch&#7911; ngh&#297;a v&#244; ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; c&#361;ng l&#224; nh&#224; c&#225;ch m&#7841;ng, do &#273;&#243;, t&#7845;t c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i theo ch&#7911; ngh&#297;a v&#244; ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; l&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i Nga,&#8221; ch&#7919; ch&#237;nh gi&#7919;a l&#224; &#8220;nh&#224; c&#225;ch m&#7841;ng&#8221;. Nh&#432;ng k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n n&#224;y sai, v&#236; d&#249; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i theo ch&#7911; ngh&#297;a v&#244; ch&#237;nh ph&#7911; v&#224; ng&#432;&#7901;i Nga l&#224; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#225;ch m&#7841;ng, nh&#432;ng h&#7885; c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; hai nh&#243;m c&#225;ch m&#7841;ng kh&#225;c nhau.</span></p><p><strong><span>Nh&#243;m 7. C&#225;c nh&#7847;m l&#7851;n kh&#225;c</span></strong></p><p><strong><span>37. D&#7851;n ch&#7913;ng b&#7857;ng giai tho&#7841;i.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>M&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n nh&#7845;t v&#224; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n nh&#7845;t l&#224; d&#7921;a v&#224;o nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n c&#243; t&#237;nh v&#7909;n v&#7863;t, hay giai tho&#7841;i. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;C&#243; h&#224;ng kh&#7889;i b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng cho th&#7845;y th&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#7871; hi&#7879;n h&#7919;u v&#224; v&#7851;n ban ph&#233;p m&#7847;u h&#224;ng ng&#224;y. M&#7899;i tu&#7847;n r&#7891;i &#273;&#226;y, t&#244;i c&#243; &#273;&#7885;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n v&#7873; m&#7897;t c&#244; g&#225;i s&#7855;p ch&#7871;t v&#236; ung th&#432;, c&#7843; gia &#273;&#236;nh c&#244; &#273;i c&#7847;u nguy&#7879;n trong nh&#224; th&#7901;, v&#224; ch&#7881; v&#224;i ng&#224;y sau c&#244; h&#7871;t b&#7879;nh.&#8221; D&#249;ng kinh nghi&#7879;m c&#225; nh&#226;n &#273;&#7875; minh h&#7885;a cho m&#7897;t lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m l&#224; m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u ho&#224;n to&#224;n h&#7907;p l&#237;, nh&#432;ng d&#249;ng nh&#7919;ng giai tho&#7841;i nh&#432; th&#7871; s&#7869; ch&#7859;ng ch&#7913;ng minh g&#236;. M&#7897;t anh b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; cho r&#7857;ng anh t&#7915;ng g&#7863;p Elvis &#7903; m&#7897;t si&#234;u th&#7883; n&#224;o &#273;&#243;, nh&#432;ng nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#432;a g&#7863;p Elvis bao gi&#7901; th&#236; c&#7847;n nhi&#7873;u b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng x&#225;c th&#7921;c h&#417;n.</span></p><p><strong><span>38. L&#7907;i d&#7909;ng c&#7893; t&#237;ch.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n cho r&#7857;ng nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;&#250;ng hay t&#7889;t ch&#7881; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n v&#236; ch&#250;ng l&#224; c&#7893; x&#432;a, v&#224; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i theo c&#225;ch ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng n&#243;i &#8220;h&#7891;i n&#224;o &#273;&#7871;n gi&#7901; ai c&#361;ng v&#7853;y.&#8221; Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;H&#224;ng tr&#259;m n&#259;m nay, &#218;c ch&#7883;u d&#432;&#7899;i s&#7921; cai tr&#7883; c&#7911;a Ho&#224;ng gia Anh, v&#224; l&#224; m&#7897;t n&#432;&#7899;c th&#7883;nh v&#432;&#7907;ng. M&#7897;t th&#7875; ch&#7871; t&#7891;n t&#7841;i l&#226;u d&#224;i nh&#432; th&#7871; &#7855;t ph&#7843;i l&#224; m&#7897;t th&#7875; ch&#7871; &#432;u vi&#7879;t.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>39. D&#7921;a v&#224;o c&#225;i m&#7899;i (ad novitatem).</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i v&#7899;i lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n d&#7921;a v&#224;o c&#225;i c&#361;, ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n d&#7921;a v&#224;o c&#225;i m&#7899;i cho r&#7857;ng m&#7897;t &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; &#273;&#243; t&#7889;t h&#417;n v&#224; &#273;&#250;ng h&#417;n &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n ch&#7881; v&#236; n&#243; m&#7899;i h&#417;n c&#225;i kh&#225;c. &#8220;Windows 2000 ph&#7843;i t&#7889;t h&#417;n Windows 95, Windows 2000 m&#7899;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thi&#7871;t k&#7871; l&#7841;i n&#259;m ngo&#225;i.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>40. L&#237; l&#7869; c&#7911;a &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y th&#432;&#7901;ng d&#7921;a v&#224;o m&#7897;t ni&#7873;m tin duy nh&#7845;t r&#7857;ng &#273;&#7891;ng ti&#7873;n l&#224; m&#7897;t ti&#234;u chu&#7849;n c&#7911;a s&#7921; &#273;&#250;ng &#273;&#7855;n. Nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; nhi&#7873;u ti&#7871;n c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng &#273;&#250;ng h&#417;n nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#237;t ti&#7873;n. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;Nhu li&#7879;u c&#7911;a h&#227;ng Microsoft &#273;&#432;&#417;ng nhi&#234;n l&#224; t&#7889;t h&#417;n; n&#7871;u kh&#244;ng th&#236; l&#224;m sao Bill Gates c&#243; th&#7875; tr&#7903; n&#234;n t&#7881; ph&#250; nh&#432; th&#7871;&#8221;.</span></p><p><strong><span>41. D&#7921;a v&#224;o c&#225;i ngh&#232;o.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i v&#7899;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n d&#7921;a v&#224;o s&#7921; gi&#224;u c&#243;, c&#243; m&#7897;t lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n kh&#225;c d&#7921;a v&#224;o s&#7921; ngh&#232;o kh&#7893;. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;C&#225;c v&#7883; s&#432; c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng hi&#7875;u th&#7845;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#253; ngh&#297;a c&#7911;a cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng, b&#7903;i v&#236; h&#7885; t&#7915; b&#7887; m&#7885;i xa hoa c&#7911;a cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>42. &#272;i&#7879;p kh&#250;c (ad nauseam).</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n n&#224;y cho r&#7857;ng m&#7897;t l&#237; l&#7869; c&#224;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#7863;p &#273;i l&#7863;p l&#7841;i nhi&#7873;u ch&#7915;ng n&#224;o th&#236; n&#243; s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ng&#432;&#7901;i ta ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n l&#224; &#273;&#250;ng. Do &#273;&#243;, ng&#432;&#7901;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n th&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7881; l&#7863;p &#273;i l&#7863;p l&#7841;i nh&#7919;ng ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u, b&#7845;t k&#7875; &#273;&#250;ng sai ra sao, cho &#273;&#7871;n khi ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i m&#7879;t m&#7887;i kh&#244;ng c&#242;n mu&#7889;n nghe n&#7919;a, nh&#432; &#8220;&#272;&#7843;ng l&#227;nh &#273;&#7841;o, nh&#226;n d&#226;n l&#224;m ch&#7911;, nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c qu&#7843;n l&#237;&#8221;.</span></p><p><strong><span>43. L&#7841;m d&#7909;ng thi&#234;n nhi&#234;n.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n r&#7845;t th&#244;ng th&#432;&#7901;ng trong gi&#7899;i ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; gia, m&#224; trong &#273;&#243; h&#7885; t&#236;m c&#225;i t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7891;ng gi&#7919;a m&#7897;t k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n n&#224;o &#273;&#243; v&#224; m&#7897;t kh&#237;a c&#7841;nh c&#7911;a th&#7871; gi&#7899;i t&#7921; nhi&#234;n, r&#7891;i t&#7915; &#273;&#243; ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n &#273;&#243; l&#224; kh&#244;ng th&#7875; tr&#225;nh kh&#7887;i. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;&#272;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a th&#7871; gi&#7899;i t&#7921; nhi&#234;n l&#224; c&#7841;nh tranh; &#273;&#7897;ng v&#7853;t &#273;&#7845;u tranh ch&#7889;ng nhau &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m ch&#7911; t&#224;i nguy&#234;n thi&#234;n nhi&#234;n. Ch&#7911; ngh&#297;a t&#432; b&#7843;n, m&#7897;t h&#236;nh th&#7913;c c&#7841;nh tranh &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m ch&#7911; t&#432; li&#7879;u, ch&#7881; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#7847;n c&#7911;a con ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7889;ng trong th&#7871; gi&#7899;i t&#7921; nhi&#234;n. &#272;&#243; c&#361;ng l&#224; c&#225;ch m&#224; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i t&#7921; nhi&#234;n v&#7853;n h&#224;nh.&#8221;M&#7897;t h&#236;nh th&#7913;c kh&#225;c c&#7911;a l&#7841;m d&#7909;ng thi&#234;n nhi&#234;n l&#224; l&#237; lu&#7853;n cho r&#7857;ng b&#7903;i v&#236; con ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#224; s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m c&#7911;a th&#7871; gi&#7899;i t&#7921; nhi&#234;n, ch&#250;ng ta ph&#7843;i b&#7855;t ch&#432;&#7899;c h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng theo nh&#7919;ng g&#236; ch&#250;ng ta th&#7845;y trong th&#7871; gi&#7899;i t&#7921; nhi&#234;n, v&#224; l&#224;m kh&#225;c &#273;i l&#224; &#8220;phi t&#7921; nhi&#234;n&#8221;. V&#237; d&#7909;: &#8220;&#272;&#7891;ng t&#237;nh luy&#7871;n &#225;i d&#297; nhi&#234;n l&#224; kh&#244;ng t&#7921; nhi&#234;n.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>44. Ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n &#8220;anh c&#361;ng v&#7853;y&#8221;.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; m&#7897;t trong nh&#7919;ng ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n r&#7845;t ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n. N&#243; d&#7921;a v&#224;o l&#237; l&#7869; r&#7857;ng m&#7897;t h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#7903;i v&#236; ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7889;i ngh&#7883;ch &#273;&#227; l&#224;m. Ch&#7859;ng h&#7841;n nh&#432; &#8220;Anh l&#224; m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#7915;a d&#7889;i.&#8221; &#8220;R&#7891;i sao? Anh c&#361;ng l&#224; m&#7897;t tay l&#7915;a d&#7889;i v&#7853;y.&#8221;</span></p><p><strong><span>45. L&#7841;m d&#7909;ng th&#7889;ng k&#234;.</span></strong><span> </span></p><p><span>Th&#7889;ng k&#234; th&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c gi&#7899;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n s&#7917; d&#7909;ng t&#7889;i &#273;a, v&#236; theo h&#7885; th&#7889;ng k&#234; c&#243; th&#7875; d&#249;ng &#273;&#7875; &#8220;ch&#7913;ng minh&#8221; b&#7845;t c&#7913; &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236;. Ng&#432;&#7901;i ta c&#243; th&#7875; v&#7863;n v&#7865;o hai con s&#7889; 1 v&#224; 3 &#273;i&#7875;m &#273;&#7875; s&#7843;n xu&#7845;t nh&#7919;ng ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u nh&#432; &#8220;kh&#225;c nhau 2 &#273;i&#7875;m&#8221;, &#8220;cao g&#7845;p 3 l&#7847;n&#8221;, hay &#8220;t&#259;ng 200%&#8221;; ng&#432;&#7901;i ta c&#243; th&#7875; d&#7921;a v&#224;o &#253; ki&#7871;n &#273;&#7891;ng t&#236;nh c&#7911;a 4 ng&#432;&#7901;i trong 5 ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7875; cho l&#224; &#8220;80% ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#259;m d&#242;&#8221;, hay th&#7853;m ch&#237; &#8220;&#273;a s&#7889; c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng&#8221; &#273;&#7891;ng &#253; v&#7899;i m&#7897;t lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m n&#224;o &#273;&#243;. T&#7913;c l&#224; nh&#7919;ng kh&#225;i qu&#225;t ho&#225; m&#7897;t c&#225;ch v&#7897;i v&#227;, hay d&#7921;a v&#224;o m&#7897;t m&#7851;u s&#7889; c&#7921;c k&#7923; th&#7845;p, th&#7845;p &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&#7897; n&#243; kh&#244;ng c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#237; g&#236;. Th&#7921;c ra, th&#7889;ng k&#234; kh&#244;ng ch&#7913;ng minh &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; c&#7843;. Th&#7889;ng k&#234; ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7897;t ph&#432;&#417;ng ti&#7879;n hay thu&#7853;t to&#225;n d&#249;ng &#273;&#7875; lo&#7841;i b&#7887; nh&#7919;ng tr&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7907;p kh&#7843; d&#297; hay kh&#244;ng kh&#7843; d&#297;. V&#236; c&#243; qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n th&#7889;ng k&#234;, n&#234;n v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&#224;y s&#7869; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c b&#224;n ti&#7871;p trong m&#7897;t d&#7883;p kh&#225;c.</span></p><p><strong><span>NH&#7852;N X&#201;T</span></strong></p><p><span>C&#243; th&#7875; n&#243;i nh&#7919;ng lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n tr&#234;n &#273;&#226;y c&#243; nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m chung l&#224; (a) ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u kh&#244;ng d&#7921;a v&#224;o l&#237; l&#7869; logic; (b) c&#225;c &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;&#7873; kh&#244;ng v&#7919;ng &#273;&#7875; &#273;i &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n; v&#224; (c) &#273;&#432;a ra gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh kh&#244;ng &#273;&#250;ng. Ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n, do &#273;&#243;, n&#243;i cho c&#249;ng, l&#224; m&#7897;t s&#7843;n ph&#7849;m c&#7911;a s&#7921; l&#432;&#7901;i bi&#7871;ng suy ngh&#297;. V&#224; h&#7847;u nh&#432; trong ch&#250;ng ta, ai c&#361;ng c&#243; &#237;t nh&#7845;t l&#224; m&#7897;t l&#7847;n l&#432;&#7901;i suy ngh&#297;. Do &#273;&#243;, n&#7871;u &#273;i&#7875;m qua nh&#7919;ng lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n tr&#234;n &#273;&#226;y, ch&#250;ng ta t&#7921; c&#7843;m nh&#7853;n r&#7857;ng trong qu&#225; kh&#7913; m&#236;nh ch&#7855;c c&#361;ng c&#243; l&#7847;n ph&#7841;m v&#224;o l&#7895;i l&#7847;m c&#7911;a ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#250;ng, v&#224; kh&#244;ng n&#234;n l&#7845;y l&#224;m ng&#7841;c nhi&#234;n, v&#236; c&#225;c nh&#224; th&#244;ng th&#225;i, v&#224; ngay c&#7843; gi&#7899;i c&#243; hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n v&#7873; logic h&#7885;c c&#361;ng &#273;&#244;i khi, v&#236; c&#7889; &#253; hay v&#244; t&#236;nh, ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n. Gi&#7899;i ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; gia v&#224; truy&#7873;n th&#244;ng l&#224; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#7921;c k&#236; n&#7893;i ti&#7871;ng v&#7873; ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n.</span></p><p><span>Nh&#432;ng t&#7841;i sao nh&#7919;ng ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n v&#7851;n c&#242;n c&#243; m&#7863;t tr&#234;n b&#225;o ch&#237;? </span></p><p><span>Theo t&#244;i, b&#7903;i v&#236; ch&#250;ng v&#7851;n c&#243; kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng. V&#7851;n c&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i, d&#249; &#237;t hay nhi&#7873;u, tin t&#432;&#7903;ng v&#224;o ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n, v&#236; n&#243; thu&#7853;n nh&#297;, tr&#417;n tru, v&#224; nh&#7845;t l&#224; kh&#244;ng th&#225;ch th&#7913;c. S&#7901; m&#7897;t h&#242;n &#273;&#225; tr&#417;n tru &#273;em l&#7841;i cho ch&#250;ng ta m&#7897;t c&#7843;m gi&#225;c khoan kho&#225;i d&#7877; ch&#7883;u h&#417;n l&#224; s&#7901; m&#7897;t h&#242;n &#273;&#225; l&#7903;m ch&#7903;m, hay ng&#7891;i tr&#234;n m&#7897;t c&#225;i gh&#7871; gh&#7891; gh&#7873;. Ng&#432;&#7901;i ta th&#237;ch s&#7921; tr&#417;n tru, b&#7903;i v&#236; tr&#417;n tru l&#224; d&#7845;u hi&#7879;u c&#7911;a s&#7921; khoan kho&#225;i, d&#7877; ch&#7883;u, l&#224; c&#225;i kho&#7843;ng th&#7901;i gian gi&#7843;i lao, kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n s&#7921; th&#225;ch th&#7913;c. C&#243; l&#7869;, &#7903; m&#7897;t kh&#237;a c&#7841;nh n&#224;o &#273;&#243;, &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7871;n n&#7895;i t&#7879;, b&#7903;i v&#236; nh&#7919;ng ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n ph&#7843;n &#225;nh s&#7921; th&#224;nh c&#244;ng [hay c&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i n&#243;i s&#7921; phong ph&#250;] c&#7911;a ng&#244;n ng&#7919; trong vi&#7879;c t&#225;ch r&#7901;i gi&#7919;a nh&#7919;ng g&#236; th&#244; thi&#7875;n, g&#7891; gh&#7873; v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng g&#236; ho&#224;n thi&#7879;n, m&#297; mi&#7873;u. Nh&#432;ng s&#7921; tr&#417;n tru c&#7911;a c&#225;c v&#7853;t th&#7875; v&#224; ng&#244;n ng&#7919; ng&#224;y nay &#273;em l&#7841;i cho ch&#250;ng ta m&#7897;t c&#7843;m gi&#225;c gi&#7843; t&#7841;o v&#7873; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i th&#7921;c c&#7911;a c&#225;c v&#7853;t th&#7875;. Nh&#7919;ng k&#236; k&#7865;t xe tr&#234;n &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng x&#225; m&#7899;i &#273;&#7875; l&#7897; tr&#225;i tim ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p c&#7911;a m&#7897;t th&#224;nh ph&#7889;. T&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921;, m&#7897;t s&#7921; c&#7889; c&#7911;a internet s&#7869; nh&#7855;c nh&#7903; ch&#250;ng ta v&#7873; t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng h&#7895;n mang v&#224; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p c&#7911;a h&#7879; th&#7889;ng th&#244;ng tin &#273;i&#7879;n t&#7917;. S&#7921; h&#7895;n mang v&#224; ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p l&#224; th&#7921;c. Tr&#417;n tru, tr&#242;n tr&#297;nh c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; gi&#7843; t&#7841;o. Nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u v&#259;n ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n c&#243; th&#7875; ch&#7881; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng l&#7901;i ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u l&#233;m l&#7881;nh thay v&#236; l&#7883;ch thi&#7879;p, h&#224;m ch&#7913;a m&#225;nh kh&#243;e thay v&#236; th&#226;n thi&#7879;n. C&#243; th&#7875; n&#243;i, ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n l&#224; nh&#7919;ng l&#7889;i s&#225;o ng&#7919; li&#7871;n tho&#7855;ng nh&#7857;m v&#224;o m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch l&#244;i cu&#7889;n ng&#432;&#7901;i nghe/&#273;&#7885;c, thay v&#236; cung c&#7845;p cho h&#7885; m&#7897;t s&#7921; th&#7921;c. B&#7903;i v&#236; ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n l&#224; nh&#7919;ng l&#237; l&#7869; m&#224; b&#7873; ngo&#224;i c&#243; v&#7867; logic, n&#234;n ch&#250;ng c&#243; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng thuy&#7871;t ph&#7909;c nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#244;ng ch&#7883;u kh&#243; suy ngh&#297;, nh&#7845;t l&#224; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#242;n mang n&#7863;ng c&#7843;m t&#237;nh. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y gi&#7843;i th&#237;ch t&#7841;i sao nhi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7901;i ti&#7871;p nh&#7853;n m&#7897;t c&#225;ch th&#7909; &#273;&#7897;ng qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u qu&#225;i g&#7903; v&#7873; th&#7871; gi&#7899;i chung quanh, k&#7875; c&#7843; nh&#7919;ng ni&#7873;m tin t&#244;n gi&#225;o, nh&#7919;ng m&#234; t&#237;n d&#7883; &#273;oan, nh&#7919;ng tri&#7871;t l&#237; qu&#225;i &#273;&#7843;ng, nh&#7919;ng th&#244;ng tin sai l&#7841;c, v.v.. </span></p><p><span>C&#225;i t&#225;c h&#7841;i c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c ti&#7871;p nh&#7853;n th&#7909; &#273;&#7897;ng n&#224;y l&#224; n&#243; l&#224;m cho ng&#432;&#7901;i ta tr&#7903; n&#234;n n&#244; l&#7879; v&#7899;i c&#7843;m t&#237;nh, v&#224; d&#7877; d&#224;ng tr&#7903; th&#224;nh nh&#7919;ng t&#237;n &#273;&#7891; cu&#7891;ng t&#237;n c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i &#8220;l&#227;nh &#273;&#7841;o&#8221; ch&#237;nh tr&#7883; hay t&#244;n gi&#225;o. &#272;&#7875; kh&#244;ng tr&#7903; th&#224;nh nh&#7919;ng n&#244; l&#7879;, c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i suy ngh&#297; nghi&#234;m t&#250;c. Suy ngh&#297; nghi&#234;m t&#250;c l&#224; m&#7897;t qu&#225; tr&#236;nh ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng tri th&#7913;c nh&#7857;m &#253; ni&#7879;m h&#243;a, &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng, ph&#226;n t&#237;ch, t&#7893;ng h&#7907;p, v&#224; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; nh&#7919;ng th&#244;ng tin &#273;&#432;&#7907;c thu th&#7853;p t&#7915; quan s&#225;t, kinh nghi&#7879;m, ph&#7843;n &#225;nh, l&#237; lu&#7853;n, hay li&#234;n l&#7841;c, nh&#432; l&#224; m&#7897;t ni&#7873;m tin cho h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng. C&#7847;n ph&#7843;i d&#7921;a v&#224;o nh&#7919;ng gi&#225; tr&#7883; tri th&#7913;c v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m nh&#432; trong s&#225;ng, ch&#237;nh x&#225;c, nh&#7845;t qu&#225;n, c&#243; li&#234;n h&#7879;, b&#7857;ng ch&#7913;ng t&#7889;t, l&#237; l&#7869; h&#7907;p l&#237;, c&#243; chi&#7873;u s&#226;u, v&#224; c&#244;ng b&#7857;ng. T&#7913;c l&#224;, tr&#432;&#7899;c m&#7897;t c&#226;u ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u hay m&#7897;t &#273;&#7873; ngh&#7883;, c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i th&#7849;m &#273;&#7883;nh l&#7841;i k&#7871;t c&#7845;u v&#224; nguy&#234;n t&#7889; c&#7911;a ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u hay &#273;&#7873; ngh&#7883; &#273;&#243;. Nh&#7919;ng k&#7871;t c&#7845;u v&#224; nguy&#234;n t&#7889; n&#224;y l&#224;: m&#7909;c &#273;&#237;ch, v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;, gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh, quan ni&#7879;m, b&#7889;i c&#7843;nh, k&#7871;t lu&#7853;n, ng&#7909; &#253;, h&#7853;u qu&#7843;, ph&#7841;m vi tham kh&#7843;o, v&#224; quan &#273;i&#7875;m kh&#225;c.Ng&#432;&#7901;i Vi&#7879;t ch&#250;ng ta th&#432;&#7901;ng r&#7845;t t&#7921; h&#224;o v&#7873; nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i [m&#224; ch&#250;ng ta cho l&#224; &#8220;th&#244;ng minh&#8221;] gi&#7919;a Tr&#7841;ng Qu&#7923;nh v&#224; Ch&#250;a Tr&#7883;nh ng&#224;y x&#432;a. Nh&#432;ng n&#243;i m&#7897;t c&#225;ch c&#244;ng b&#7857;ng v&#224; theo ti&#234;u chu&#7849;n c&#7911;a l&#237; lu&#7853;n logic, th&#236; nh&#7919;ng trao &#273;&#7893;i c&#7911;a Tr&#7841;ng Qu&#7923;nh hay t&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921; ch&#7881; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n &#7903; tr&#236;nh &#273;&#7897; th&#244; s&#417; nh&#7845;t. Nh&#432;ng c&#243; &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;&#225;ng bu&#7891;n l&#224; nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7889;i tho&#7841;i ki&#7875;u Tr&#7841;ng Qu&#7923;nh, m&#224; trong &#273;&#243; s&#7921; h&#417;n thua nhau t&#7915;ng c&#226;u n&#243;i, b&#7855;t b&#7869; nhau t&#7915;ng ch&#7919;, v&#7863;n v&#7865;o &#253; ngh&#297;a c&#7911;a t&#7915;ng c&#226;u v&#259;n, v.v&#8230; l&#7841;i &#273;i v&#224;o s&#7917; s&#225;ch, nh&#432; th&#7875; &#273;&#7875; l&#224;m g&#432;&#417;ng cho th&#7871; h&#7879; sau n&#224;y. M&#224; l&#224;m g&#432;&#417;ng th&#7853;t. Cho &#273;&#7871;n ng&#224;y nay, c&#243; ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#7851;n c&#242;n cho &#273;&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t bi&#7875;u t&#432;&#7907;ng c&#7911;a s&#7921; th&#226;m th&#250;y, th&#244;ng minh c&#7911;a d&#226;n t&#7897;c, l&#224; ph&#7843;n &#225;nh s&#7921; phong ph&#250; c&#7911;a ng&#244;n ng&#7919; Vi&#7879;t, v&#224; &#273;em ra &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng trong tranh lu&#7853;n. Theo d&#245;i b&#225;o ch&#237;, ch&#250;ng ta th&#7845;y nh&#7919;ng h&#236;nh th&#7913;c t&#7845;n c&#244;ng c&#225; nh&#226;n (thay v&#236; t&#7845;n c&#244;ng v&#224;o lu&#7853;n &#273;i&#7875;m), xuy&#234;n t&#7841;c &#253; t&#432;&#7903;ng, ch&#7909;p m&#361;, suy lu&#7853;n theo c&#7843;m t&#237;nh, m&#7881;a mai, &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n h&#243;a v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;, v.v&#8230; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n h&#7847;u nh&#432; h&#224;ng ng&#224;y, c&#243; khi h&#224;ng gi&#7901;. V&#236; nh&#7919;ng t&#7847;n s&#7889; c&#7911;a nh&#7919;ng lo&#7841;i ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u nh&#432; th&#7871;, n&#243; th&#224;nh m&#7897;t s&#7921; r&#7853;p khu&#244;n. Theo th&#7901;i gian, r&#7853;p khu&#244;n tr&#7903; th&#224;nh &#8220;truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng&#8221;. H&#7853;u qu&#7843; c&#7911;a c&#225;i truy&#7873;n th&#7889;ng n&#224;y l&#224; nh&#7919;ng ai ra ngo&#224;i c&#225;i khu&#244;n s&#225;o c&#7911;a ng&#7909;y bi&#7879;n &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; th&#7875; b&#7883; xem l&#224; phi ch&#237;nh th&#7889;ng, d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t l&#7889;i suy ngh&#297; v&#224; ph&#225;n x&#233;t k&#236; qu&#7863;c ki&#7875;u &#8220;anh/ch&#7883; kh&#244;ng thu&#7897;c nh&#243;m c&#7911;a t&#244;i, v&#7853;y th&#236; anh/ch&#7883; thu&#7897;c nh&#243;m b&#234;n kia,&#8221; &#8220;anh ch&#234; &#8216;qu&#7889;c gia&#8217;, v&#7853;y anh ph&#7843;i l&#224; c&#7897;ng s&#7843;n,&#8221; &#8220;anh khen Vi&#7879;t Nam, v&#7853;y anh l&#224; c&#7897;ng s&#7843;n,&#8221; &#8220;gi&#7885;ng n&#243;i anh &#8216;B&#7855;c k&#7923; 75&#8217;, v&#7853;y anh l&#224; c&#7897;ng s&#7843;n,&#8221; hay &#8220;Nh&#224; n&#432;&#7899;c cho anh ra ngo&#224;i n&#224;y tr&#236;nh di&#7877;n, ch&#7855;c anh l&#224; c&#7897;ng s&#7843;n &#273;i tuy&#234;n truy&#7873;n&#8221;&#8230; Anh &#7903; ph&#237;a n&#224;y, t&#244;i b&#234;n kia. N&#243;i t&#243;m l&#7841;i, &#273;&#243; l&#224; m&#7897;t l&#7889;i ph&#226;n &#273;&#7883;nh theo hai gi&#225; tr&#7883;: x&#7845;u v&#224; t&#7889;t, &#273;en v&#224; tr&#7855;ng, hay &#273;&#7883;ch v&#224; ta m&#7897;t c&#225;ch c&#7913;ng nh&#7855;c. C&#225;ch ph&#226;n &#273;&#7883;nh n&#224;y th&#7875; hi&#7879;n m&#7897;t s&#7921; ngh&#232;o n&#224;n v&#7873; tr&#237; tu&#7879;, hay l&#432;&#7901;i bi&#7871;ng suy ngh&#297;. Ch&#7881; c&#7847;n &#273;&#7863;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i m&#7897;t ch&#250;t, hay ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; xa h&#417;n m&#7897;t ch&#250;t, ai c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; th&#7845;y l&#7889;i ph&#226;n chia c&#243;/kh&#244;ng n&#224;y kh&#244;ng th&#7875; &#273;em &#273;&#7871;n m&#7897;t &#273;&#225;p s&#7889; cho m&#7897;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; n&#224;o c&#7843;. Trong c&#225;i s&#7921; th&#7921;c ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p, m&#7901; m&#7901; &#7843;o &#7843;o c&#7911;a v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873;, c&#243; c&#225;i &#273;&#7865;p ri&#234;ng. Kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i c&#225;i &#273;&#7865;p tr&#417;n tru, tr&#242;n tr&#297;nh, nh&#432;ng l&#224; c&#225;i &#273;&#7865;p kh&#7855;t khe c&#7911;a s&#7921; th&#7853;t. T&#432;&#417;ng t&#7921;, m&#7897;t l&#7901;i ph&#225;t bi&#7875;u ngh&#7883;ch l&#237; c&#243; c&#225;i &#273;&#7865;p c&#7911;a n&#243;, v&#236; n&#243; c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#225;nh th&#7913;c ch&#250;ng ta v&#7873; m&#7897;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p, m&#7897;t th&#7871; gi&#7899;i kh&#244;ng n&#7857;m g&#7885;n trong &#273;&#250;ng/sai, t&#7889;t/x&#7845;u, b&#7841;n/th&#249;. C&#243; l&#7869; &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7871;n l&#250;c ch&#250;ng ta n&#234;n v&#432;&#7907;t qua ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch cho c&#225;c t&#7871; b&#224;o tr&#237; tu&#7879; c&#243; c&#417; h&#7897;i l&#224;m vi&#7879;c.</span></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Bạn sẽ làm ở mức mấy đồng?]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ngu&#7891;n h&#236;nh: Freepik]]></description><link>https://www.ttoan.com/p/ban-se-lam-o-muc-may-ong</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ttoan.com/p/ban-se-lam-o-muc-may-ong</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Tien Toan]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Wed, 24 Jun 2026 15:23:27 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H69f!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42995d01-82dc-4091-bd1e-4ad23e591893_5000x5925.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 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https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H69f!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42995d01-82dc-4091-bd1e-4ad23e591893_5000x5925.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H69f!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42995d01-82dc-4091-bd1e-4ad23e591893_5000x5925.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!H69f!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F42995d01-82dc-4091-bd1e-4ad23e591893_5000x5925.jpeg" width="1456" height="1725" 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class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-noB79L"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2 icon-noB79L"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p style="text-align: center;"><sub>Ngu&#7891;n h&#236;nh: Freepik</sub></p><p>H&#7891;i m&#236;nh h&#7885;c ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh IPL, m&#236;nh bi&#7871;t t&#7899;i 1 t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng gi&#7843; s&#7917; nh&#432; sau:</p><p>H&#227;y th&#7917; t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng, n&#7871;u kh&#7843; n&#259;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m &#7903; m&#7913;c 10 &#273;&#7891;ng, nh&#432;ng c&#244;ng ty tr&#7843; cho b&#7841;n 5 &#273;&#7891;ng, v&#224; b&#7841;n &#273;&#227; nh&#7853;n c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c n&#224;y, th&#236; b&#7841;n s&#7869; l&#224;m &#7903; m&#7913;c bao nhi&#234;u &#273;&#7891;ng?</p><p>A. B&#7841;n l&#224;m &#7903; m&#7913;c 5 &#273;&#7891;ng nh&#432; c&#244;ng ty &#273;&#227; tr&#7843; th&#244;i</p><p>B. B&#7841;n l&#224;m &#7903; m&#7913;c 10 &#273;&#7891;ng nh&#432; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n</p><p>C. B&#7841;n l&#224;m &#7903; m&#7913;c 2.5 &#273;&#7891;ng</p><p>D. B&#7841;n l&#224;m &#7903; m&#7913;c 7.5 &#273;&#7891;ng</p><p>E. B&#7841;n ch&#417;i lu&#244;n m&#7913;c 15 &#273;&#7891;ng lu&#244;n</p><p>M&#236;nh th&#7845;y trong x&#227; h&#7897;i &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; t&#7845;t c&#7843; c&#225;c d&#7841;ng n&#224;y, v&#224; khi ai quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh m&#236;nh l&#224;m &#7903; m&#7913;c &#273;&#243;, &#273;&#7873;u s&#7869; c&#243; 1 l&#253; do h&#7907;p l&#253;. Tr&#234;n quan &#273;i&#7875;m c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, m&#236;nh mu&#7889;n &#273;i v&#224;o t&#7915;ng s&#7921; l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n &#273;&#7875; th&#7845;y c&#225;i thi&#7879;t, h&#417;n (theo g&#243;c nh&#236;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, 1 HR + Career Coach)</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.ttoan.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading Tien Toan&#8217;s Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p><strong>A. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n l&#224;m &#7903; m&#7913;c 5 &#273;&#7891;ng.</strong></p><p>&#9989; B&#7841;n s&#7869; ngh&#297; &#273;&#226;y l&#224; 1 s&#7921; c&#244;ng b&#7857;ng, c&#244;ng ty tr&#7843; nhi&#234;u th&#236; m&#236;nh l&#224;m b&#7845;y nhi&#234;u.</p><p>&#9989; C&#243; khi b&#7841;n h&#417;i th&#7887;a m&#227;n v&#236; b&#7841;n ngh&#297; v&#236; c&#244;ng ty kh&#244;ng nh&#236;n nh&#7853;n &#273;&#250;ng n&#259;ng l&#7921;c t&#244;i, c&#244;ng ty b&#7883; thi&#7879;t C&#244;ng vi&#7879;c nh&#7865; nh&#224;ng v&#7899;i b&#7841;n</p><p>&#10071;&#65039; B&#7841;n t&#7841;o ra 1 v&#242;ng l&#7863;p b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng &#273;i ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i v&#7899;i mong mu&#7889;n s&#226;u th&#7859;m trong b&#7841;n (t&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;ng, th&#259;ng ch&#7913;c,&#8230;). B&#7841;n ngh&#297; &#273;i, b&#7841;n ngh&#297; c&#244;ng ty tr&#7843; nhi&#234;u &#273;&#243; th&#236; l&#224;m nhi&#234;u &#273;&#243;, c&#242;n v&#7873; ph&#237;a c&#244;ng ty s&#7869; ngh&#297; l&#224;m nhi&#234;u &#273;&#243; th&#236; nh&#7853;n nhi&#234;u &#273;&#243;. R&#245; r&#224;ng 2 g&#243;c ngh&#297; n&#224;y c&#7911;ng c&#7889; cho nhau v&#224; b&#7841;n s&#7869; &#7903; m&#227;i m&#7913;c 5 &#273;&#7891;ng.</p><p>&#10071;&#65039; B&#7841;n l&#224;m x&#243;i m&#242;n ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n. Li&#7879;u sau 1 th&#7901;i gian d&#224;i l&#224;m c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c &#7903; m&#7913;c 5 &#273;&#7891;ng, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; quay l&#7841;i v&#7899;i gu&#7891;ng 10 &#273;&#7891;ng?</p><p><strong>B. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n l&#224;m &#7903; m&#7913;c 10 &#273;&#7891;ng</strong></p><p>&#9989; B&#7841;n l&#224;m &#273;&#250;ng s&#7913;c c&#7911;a m&#236;nh v&#224; duy tr&#236; n&#243; b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng</p><p>&#9989; C&#243; th&#7875; sau 1 th&#7901;i gian, 1 c&#244;ng ty t&#7917; t&#7871; s&#7869; hi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng gi&#225; tr&#7883; b&#7841;n t&#7841;o ra &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; h&#417;n k&#7923; v&#7885;ng c&#7911;a h&#7885; v&#224; h&#7885; s&#7869; c&#243; s&#7921; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh ph&#249; h&#7907;p (tr&#7843; theo th&#224;nh t&#237;ch)</p><p>&#10071;&#65039; N&#7871;u c&#244;ng ty b&#7841;n l&#224;m kh&#244;ng t&#7917; t&#7871;, b&#7841;n s&#7869; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c b&#7883; h&#7885; l&#7907;i d&#7909;ng (nh&#432;ng v&#7899;i n&#259;ng l&#7921;c 10 &#273;&#7891;ng, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; t&#236;m ki&#7871;m 1 c&#244;ng ty kh&#225;c t&#7889;t h&#417;n m&#224;)</p><p><strong>C. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n l&#224;m &#7903; m&#7913;c 2.5 &#273;&#7891;ng</strong></p><p>&#9989; B&#7841;n xem nh&#432; l&#224; vi&#7879;c nh&#7865; l&#432;&#417;ng cao lu&#244;n</p><p>&#9989; C&#243; khi b&#7841;n th&#7887;a m&#227;n v&#236; b&#7841;n ngh&#297; b&#7841;n tr&#7843; &#273;&#361;a &#273;&#432;&#7907;c vi&#7879;c c&#244;ng ty kh&#244;ng nh&#236;n nh&#7853;n &#273;&#250;ng n&#259;ng l&#7921;c t&#244;i, c&#244;ng ty b&#7883; thi&#7879;t</p><p>&#10071;&#65039; B&#7841;n r&#417;i v&#224;o r&#7911;i ro c&#244;ng ty, &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; th&#224;nh t&#237;ch c&#7911;a b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7841;t k&#7923; v&#7885;ng v&#224; t&#7915; &#273;&#243; t&#7841;o n&#234;n nh&#7919;ng kh&#243; kh&#259;n trong c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c ho&#7863;c s&#7869; b&#7883; lay-off trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai</p><p>&#10071;&#65039; B&#7841;n l&#224;m x&#243;i m&#242;n ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n. Li&#7879;u sau 1 th&#7901;i gian d&#224;i l&#224;m c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c &#7903; m&#7913;c 5 &#273;&#7891;ng, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; quay l&#7841;i v&#7899;i gu&#7891;ng 10 &#273;&#7891;ng?</p><p><strong>D. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n l&#224;m &#7903; m&#7913;c 7.5 &#273;&#7891;ng.</strong></p><p>&#9989; C&#243; th&#7875; sau 1 th&#7901;i gian, 1 c&#244;ng ty t&#7917; t&#7871; s&#7869; hi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng gi&#225; tr&#7883; b&#7841;n t&#7841;o ra &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; h&#417;n k&#7923; v&#7885;ng c&#7911;a h&#7885; v&#224; h&#7885; s&#7869; c&#243; s&#7921; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh ph&#249; h&#7907;p (tr&#7843; theo th&#224;nh t&#237;ch)</p><p>&#9989; C&#244;ng vi&#7879;c nh&#7865; nh&#224;ng v&#7899;i b&#7841;n</p><p>&#10071;&#65039; N&#7871;u c&#244;ng ty b&#7841;n l&#224;m kh&#244;ng t&#7917; t&#7871;, b&#7841;n s&#7869; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c b&#7883; h&#7885; l&#7907;i d&#7909;ng (nh&#432;ng v&#7899;i n&#259;ng l&#7921;c 10 &#273;&#7891;ng, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; t&#236;m ki&#7871;m 1 c&#244;ng ty kh&#225;c t&#7889;t h&#417;n m&#224;)</p><p>&#10071;&#65039; B&#7841;n l&#224;m x&#243;i m&#242;n ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n &#7903; m&#7913;c nh&#7865; h&#417;n option A. Li&#7879;u sau 1 th&#7901;i gian d&#224;i l&#224;m c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c &#7903; m&#7913;c 7.5 &#273;&#7891;ng, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; quay l&#7841;i v&#7899;i gu&#7891;ng 10 &#273;&#7891;ng?</p><p><strong>E. B&#7841;n ch&#417;i lu&#244;n m&#7913;c 15 &#273;&#7891;ng lu&#244;n.</strong><span> </span>L&#224; b&#7841;n n&#7895; l&#7921;c qu&#234;n m&#236;nh v&#224; r&#432;&#7899;ng h&#7871;t s&#7913;c v&#432;&#7907;t qu&#225; c&#225;i m&#7913;c m&#224; b&#7841;n ngh&#297; b&#7841;n l&#224;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c</p><p>&#9989; N&#243; t&#7841;o n&#234;n s&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#7911;a b&#7843;n th&#226;n &#273;&#7875; sau n&#224;y b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c 15, 20, 25 &#273;&#7891;ng b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng</p><p>&#9989; C&#243; th&#7875; sau 1 th&#7901;i gian, 1 c&#244;ng ty t&#7917; t&#7871; s&#7869; hi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng gi&#225; tr&#7883; b&#7841;n t&#7841;o ra &#273;&#225;ng k&#7875; h&#417;n k&#7923; v&#7885;ng c&#7911;a h&#7885; v&#224; h&#7885; s&#7869; c&#243; s&#7921; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh ph&#249; h&#7907;p (tr&#7843; theo th&#224;nh t&#237;ch) ho&#7863;c th&#259;ng ti&#7871;n &#273;&#7875; b&#7841;n l&#224;m c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c &#7903; m&#7913;c gi&#225; tr&#7883; 15 &#273;&#7891;ng ho&#7863;c h&#7885; s&#7861;n s&#224;ng offer c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c 20 &#273;&#7891;ng v&#236; h&#7885; bi&#7871;t b&#7841;n l&#224; 1 ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#417;i h&#7879; n&#7895; l&#7921;c t&#7841;o gi&#225; tr&#7883; th&#236; tr&#7843; bao nhi&#234;u th&#236; c&#361;ng nh&#7853;n l&#7841;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n.</p><p>&#10071;&#65039; N&#7871;u c&#244;ng ty b&#7841;n l&#224;m kh&#244;ng t&#7917; t&#7871;, b&#7841;n s&#7869; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c b&#7883; h&#7885; l&#7907;i d&#7909;ng (nh&#432;ng v&#7899;i n&#259;ng l&#7921;c 15, 20 &#273;&#7891;ng, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; t&#236;m ki&#7871;m 1 c&#244;ng ty kh&#225;c t&#7889;t h&#417;n m&#224;)</p><p>&#10071;&#65039; C&#244;ng vi&#7879;c s&#7869; th&#7917; th&#225;ch, v&#7845;t v&#7843; nhi&#7873;u</p><p>M&#236;nh ngh&#297; option n&#224;o c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7885;n, v&#224; h&#7907;p l&#253; c&#7843;. M&#236;nh kh&#244;ng tr&#234;n t&#226;m th&#7871; ph&#225;n x&#233;t option n&#224;o l&#224; hay l&#224; d&#7903; b&#7903;i m&#236;nh kh&#244;ng &#7903; trong ho&#224;n c&#7843;nh hay &#273;&#244;i ch&#226;n c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i ch&#7885;n.</p><p>M&#236;nh ch&#7885;n ch&#417;i h&#7879; E, b&#7903;i m&#236;nh ch&#417;i h&#7879; d&#224;i h&#7841;n, c&#243; th&#234;m nh&#7919;ng g&#243;c nh&#236;n sau &#273;&#226;y:</p><ul><li><p>Ch&#7881; c&#225;ch n&#224;y m&#7899;i gi&#250;p m&#236;nh t&#7841;o ra nhi&#7873;u gi&#225; tr&#7883; v&#224; thu nh&#7853;p trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7881; c&#225;ch n&#224;y m&#7899;i gi&#250;p m&#236;nh bi&#7871;t r&#245; m&#236;nh c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7871;n &#273;&#226;u, gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh bao xa</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7881; c&#243; c&#225;ch n&#224;y m&#7899;i gi&#250;p m&#236;nh c&#243; 1 s&#7921; ch&#7911; &#273;&#7897;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871; - Quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh c&#7911;a m&#236;nh l&#224; do m&#236;nh ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng b&#7883; t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng b&#7903;i ho&#224;n c&#7843;nh (m&#7913;c tr&#7843; c&#7911;a c&#244;ng ty). C&#243; khi m&#236;nh c&#7843;m th&#7845;y ngang h&#224;ng v&#7899;i c&#244;ng ty. C&#244;ng ty c&#243; quy&#7873;n ch&#7885;n t&#244;i gi&#7919;a c&#225;c &#7913;ng vi&#234;n, v&#224; ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i, v&#7899;i n&#259;ng l&#7921;c c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, t&#244;i c&#361;ng ch&#7885;n c&#244;ng ty gi&#7919;a c&#225;c offering.</p></li><li><p>M&#236;nh nh&#236;n nh&#7919;ng g&#236; c&#244;ng ty tr&#7843; cho m&#236;nh kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; m&#7913;c l&#432;&#417;ng m&#224; 1 Total Reward, bao g&#7891;m c&#7843; c&#225;c ph&#250;c l&#7907;i kh&#225;c v&#224; nh&#7919;ng th&#225;ch th&#7913;c ho&#7863;c b&#224;i h&#7885;c ph&#7909;c v&#7909; cho s&#7921; tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#224;nh c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. Ok, c&#243; khi ch&#7895; n&#224;y tr&#7843; th&#7845;p h&#417;n 1 x&#237;u nh&#432;ng b&#249; l&#7841;i n&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#225;i kia&#8230;</p></li></ul><p>D&#7841;o g&#7847;n &#273;&#226;y, m&#236;nh th&#7845;y option E b&#7883; th&#225;ch th&#7913;c v&#224; c&#243; th&#7875; &#237;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n. Ng&#432;&#7901;i tr&#7867; b&#7883; xao nh&#227;ng b&#7903;i qu&#225; nhi&#7873;u th&#7913;, cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng kh&#243; kh&#259;n khi&#7871;n con ng&#432;&#7901;i ph&#7843;i t&#237;nh to&#225;n, chi li chuy&#7879;n thi&#7879;t - h&#417;n, &#237;t ki&#234;n nh&#7851;n &#273;&#7875; th&#7845;y c&#225;i k&#7871;t qu&#7843; t&#7915; vi&#7879;c qu&#234;n m&#236;nh, n&#243; s&#7869; &#273;&#7871;n t&#7915; t&#7915; ch&#7913; kh&#244;ng ph&#7843;i l&#7907;i &#237;ch ngay t&#7855;p l&#7921;. C&#243; nh&#7919;ng ng&#432;&#7901;i b&#7841;n, m&#236;nh th&#7845;y h&#7885; r&#7845;t ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng, h&#7885; ch&#7885;n option A, C, D, h&#7885; trung b&#236;nh h&#243;a h&#7885; tr&#432;&#7899;c c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; xung quanh. C&#243; khi n&#243; l&#224; T&#244;i th&#7845;y &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p nh&#7853;n l&#432;&#417;ng cao h&#417;n t&#244;i, hay c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c n&#224;y &#273;&#225;ng l&#253; ph&#7843;i tr&#7843; l&#432;&#417;ng cao h&#417;n, hay T&#244;i th&#7845;y c&#244;ng ty kh&#244;ng c&#243; &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o, hay s&#7871;p th&#7871; n&#224;y th&#7871; kia,... Nh&#432;ng &#7903; chi&#7873;u ng&#432;&#7907;c l&#7841;i, trong gi&#7843; &#273;&#7883;nh n&#224;y, c&#417; b&#7843;n c&#244;ng ty kh&#244;ng l&#224;m g&#236; sai lu&#7853;t, l&#432;&#417;ng tr&#7843; &#273;&#250;ng v&#7899;i h&#7907;p &#273;&#7891;ng v&#224; b&#7841;n ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n c&#225;c &#273;i&#7873;u kho&#7843;n &#7845;y khi k&#253; k&#7871;t ... N&#7871;u &#273;&#227; nh&#7853;n l&#224;m, th&#236; h&#227;y l&#224;m &#273;&#224;ng ho&#224;ng v&#7899;i ch&#237;nh s&#7921; l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh ch&#7913;.</p><p>M&#236;nh vi&#7871;t b&#224;i n&#224;y &#273;&#7863;ng nh&#7855;c nh&#7903; ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh tr&#234;n con &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng m&#236;nh &#273;&#227; ch&#7885;n. C&#242;n ai h&#7919;u duy&#234;n &#273;&#7885;c th&#236; m&#236;nh khuy&#7871;n kh&#237;ch b&#7841;n th&#7917; t&#7921; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh, b&#7841;n &#273;ang ch&#7885;n option n&#224;o? t&#7841;i sao? th&#7917; ph&#226;n t&#237;ch thi&#7879;t h&#417;n, nh&#236;n d&#224;i h&#7841;n, li&#7879;u b&#7841;n c&#243; mu&#7889;n ch&#417;i h&#7879; E gi&#7889;ng m&#236;nh. N&#7871;u c&#243;, m&#236;nh s&#7869; vui l&#7855;m, n&#7871;u kh&#244;ng, c&#361;ng ch&#7859;ng sao b&#7903;i &#273;&#7901;i b&#7841;n l&#224; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n m&#224;.</p><p>Nh&#226;n m&#7897;t bu&#7893;i tr&#432;a t&#7921; nhi&#234;n ho&#224;i ni&#7879;m.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.ttoan.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading Tien Toan&#8217;s Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[JOB MOVE - ĐỪNG CHỈ TÌM 1 CÔNG VIỆC MỚI, HÃY TÌM MỘT TIẾN BỘ MỚI. ]]></title><description><![CDATA[H&#244;m nay m&#236;nh &#273;&#7885;c xong cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch &#8220;Job Moves: 9 Steps to Make Progress in Your Career&#8221; c&#7911;a Ethan Bernstein, Michael B.]]></description><link>https://www.ttoan.com/p/job-move-ung-chi-tim-1-cong-viec</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ttoan.com/p/job-move-ung-chi-tim-1-cong-viec</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Tien Toan]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 10 Nov 2025 09:04:35 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SwfY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc1a0c0b-6457-40d2-97ec-5aa92824df1b_800x450.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SwfY!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc1a0c0b-6457-40d2-97ec-5aa92824df1b_800x450.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SwfY!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc1a0c0b-6457-40d2-97ec-5aa92824df1b_800x450.jpeg 424w, 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SwfY!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc1a0c0b-6457-40d2-97ec-5aa92824df1b_800x450.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SwfY!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc1a0c0b-6457-40d2-97ec-5aa92824df1b_800x450.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SwfY!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc1a0c0b-6457-40d2-97ec-5aa92824df1b_800x450.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!SwfY!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fbc1a0c0b-6457-40d2-97ec-5aa92824df1b_800x450.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-noB79L"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2 icon-noB79L"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>H&#244;m nay m&#236;nh &#273;&#7885;c xong cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch &#8220;Job Moves: 9 Steps to Make Progress in Your Career&#8221; c&#7911;a Ethan Bernstein, Michael B. Horn v&#224; Bob Moesta v&#224; r&#7845;t th&#237;ch m&#7897;t g&#243;c nh&#236;n ho&#224;n to&#224;n m&#7899;i m&#7867; n&#234;n vi&#7871;t b&#224;i &#273;&#7875; chia s&#7867; cho c&#7897;ng &#273;&#7891;ng Linkedin.<br><br>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang c&#226;n nh&#7855;c vi&#7879;c thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c? H&#227;y d&#7915;ng l&#7841;i v&#224; t&#7921; h&#7887;i: M&#7909;c ti&#234;u th&#7921;c s&#7921; c&#7911;a vi&#7879;c chuy&#7875;n &#273;&#7893;i n&#224;y l&#224; g&#236;?<br><br>&#128640; Ti&#7871;n b&#7897; (Progress) thay v&#236; Th&#259;ng ti&#7871;n (Progression)<br><br>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m m&#236;nh th&#237;ch nh&#7845;t: S&#7921; nghi&#7879;p kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224; leo l&#234;n n&#7845;c thang ch&#7913;c v&#7909; hay t&#259;ng l&#432;&#417;ng (Th&#259;ng ti&#7871;n). M&#7909;c ti&#234;u c&#7911;a m&#7895;i l&#7847;n chuy&#7875;n vi&#7879;c th&#224;nh c&#244;ng n&#234;n l&#224; &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c Ti&#7871;n b&#7897; &#8211; m&#7897;t s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i th&#7921;c s&#7921;, c&#243; &#253; ngh&#297;a, mang l&#7841;i s&#7921; th&#7887;a m&#227;n h&#417;n cho cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng c&#7911;a b&#7841;n. <br><br>&#127775; S&#7921; nghi&#7879;p l&#224; m&#7897;t qu&#225; tr&#236;nh &#8220;thu&#234;&#8221; c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c <br><br>T&#7893; ch&#7913;c v&#224; c&#225;c c&#225; nh&#226;n &#8220;thu&#234;&#8221; l&#7851;n nhau. Ch&#250;ng ta &#8220;thu&#234;&#8221; m&#7897;t c&#244;ng ty &#273;&#7875; gi&#250;p m&#236;nh &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ti&#7871;n b&#7897; trong cu&#7897;c s&#7889;ng, c&#242;n c&#244;ng ty &#8220;thu&#234;&#8221; m&#236;nh &#273;&#7875; ho&#224;n th&#224;nh m&#7897;t nhi&#7879;m v&#7909; n&#224;o &#273;&#243;. M&#7897;t b&#234;n b&#7887; s&#7913;c, m&#7897;t b&#234;n tr&#7843; ti&#7873;n. R&#7845;t b&#236;nh &#273;&#7859;ng. <br><br>&#127942; 4 &#8220;Nhi&#7879;m v&#7909;&#8221; th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y m&#7885;i s&#7921; chuy&#7875;n vi&#7879;c<br><br>M&#7885;i quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh thay &#273;&#7893;i c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7873;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y b&#7903;i m&#7897;t trong b&#7889;n &#8220;Nhi&#7879;m v&#7909;&#8221; (Quest) c&#7889;t l&#245;i sau:<br><br>1&#65039;&#8419; Tho&#225;t ra (Get Out): B&#7841;n c&#7843;m th&#7845;y b&#7871; t&#7855;c v&#224; mu&#7889;n tho&#225;t kh&#7887;i m&#7897;t c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c ho&#7863;c m&#7897;t m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng ti&#234;u c&#7921;c.<br><br>2&#65039;&#8419; L&#7845;y l&#7841;i Ki&#7875;m so&#225;t (Regain Control): B&#7841;n c&#7843;m th&#7845;y qu&#225; t&#7843;i ho&#7863;c qu&#225; nh&#224;m ch&#225;n v&#224; c&#7847;n m&#7897;t c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c m&#7899;i &#273;&#7875; cho ph&#233;p b&#7841;n ki&#7875;m so&#225;t t&#7889;t h&#417;n th&#7901;i gian v&#224; c&#225;ch th&#7913;c l&#224;m vi&#7879;c.<br><br>3&#65039;&#8419; T&#236;m l&#7841;i s&#7921; Ph&#249; h&#7907;p (Regain Alignment): B&#7841;n c&#7843;m th&#7845;y kinh nghi&#7879;m v&#224; k&#7929; n&#259;ng c&#7911;a m&#236;nh kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c tr&#226;n tr&#7885;ng v&#224; c&#7847;n m&#7897;t n&#417;i l&#224;m vi&#7879;c m&#7899;i ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i gi&#225; tr&#7883; v&#224; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng c&#7911;a b&#7843;n th&#226;n h&#417;n.<br><br>4&#65039;&#8419; Ti&#7871;n b&#432;&#7899;c ti&#7871;p theo (Take the Next Step): B&#7841;n &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c m&#7897;t c&#7897;t m&#7889;c v&#224; &#273;ang t&#236;m ki&#7871;m m&#7897;t th&#7917; th&#225;ch m&#7899;i &#273;&#7875; ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n s&#7921; nghi&#7879;p.<br><br>V&#7853;y &#225;p d&#7909;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871; l&#224; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi n&#7897;p CV v&#224;o c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c n&#224;o &#273;&#243; m&#7899;i, b&#7841;n h&#227;y h&#7887;i m&#236;nh r&#7857;ng: <br><br>&#10067;T&#244;i &#273;ang mu&#7889;n thu&#234; c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c m&#7899;i cho nhi&#7879;m v&#7909; n&#224;o c&#7911;a m&#236;nh? <br><br>Tr&#7843; l&#7901;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#226;u h&#7887;i n&#224;y gi&#250;p b&#7841;n hi&#7875;u r&#245; l&#253; do s&#226;u xa khi&#7871;n b&#7841;n mu&#7889;n thay &#273;&#7893;i v&#224; t&#7915; &#273;&#243; t&#236;m v&#224; thu&#234; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c 1 c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c ph&#249; h&#7907;p cho s&#7921; ti&#7871;n b&#7897; m&#7899;i c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, thay v&#236; lu&#7849;n qu&#7849;n v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c t&#432;&#7903;ng l&#224; m&#7899;i nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n l&#224;m m&#236;nh loay hoay v&#224; d&#7853;m ch&#226;n thay v&#236; ti&#7871;n b&#432;&#7899;c.  <br><br>Ch&#250;c b&#7841;n th&#224;nh c&#244;ng. <br><br>P/S: Cu&#7889;n s&#225;ch c&#243; kh&#250;c sau n&#243;i v&#7873; 9 b&#432;&#7899;c gi&#250;p nh&#7843;y vi&#7879;c. Ai quan t&#226;m th&#236; c&#243; th&#7875; t&#7921; t&#236;m &#273;&#7885;c nh&#233;. M&#236;nh th&#237;ch kh&#250;c &#273;&#7847;u n&#234;n share v&#7853;y thui. H&#236;. <br><br>Photo by Ross Findon on Unsplash<br></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.ttoan.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading Tien Toan&#8217;s Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Khi Nhà Lãnh Đạo Mất Động Lực]]></title><description><![CDATA[N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang &#7903; vai tr&#242; qu&#7843;n l&#253;, v&#224; b&#7841;n m&#7845;t &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c trong c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c, b&#7841;n n&#234;n l&#224;m g&#236;?]]></description><link>https://www.ttoan.com/p/khi-nha-lanh-ao-mat-ong-luc</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ttoan.com/p/khi-nha-lanh-ao-mat-ong-luc</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Tien Toan]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Mon, 10 Nov 2025 08:59:45 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waz5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba22d081-08da-4c10-bd06-e8a0c94e42e0_1280x719.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waz5!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba22d081-08da-4c10-bd06-e8a0c94e42e0_1280x719.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waz5!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba22d081-08da-4c10-bd06-e8a0c94e42e0_1280x719.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waz5!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba22d081-08da-4c10-bd06-e8a0c94e42e0_1280x719.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waz5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba22d081-08da-4c10-bd06-e8a0c94e42e0_1280x719.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waz5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba22d081-08da-4c10-bd06-e8a0c94e42e0_1280x719.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waz5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba22d081-08da-4c10-bd06-e8a0c94e42e0_1280x719.jpeg" width="1280" height="719" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waz5!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba22d081-08da-4c10-bd06-e8a0c94e42e0_1280x719.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waz5!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba22d081-08da-4c10-bd06-e8a0c94e42e0_1280x719.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waz5!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba22d081-08da-4c10-bd06-e8a0c94e42e0_1280x719.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!waz5!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fba22d081-08da-4c10-bd06-e8a0c94e42e0_1280x719.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-noB79L"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2 icon-noB79L"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><blockquote><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;ang &#7903; vai tr&#242; qu&#7843;n l&#253;, v&#224; b&#7841;n m&#7845;t &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c trong c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c, b&#7841;n n&#234;n l&#224;m g&#236;?</p></blockquote><p>H&#244;m qua, c&#243; 1 c&#226;u h&#7887;i hay c&#7911;a 1 b&#7841;n h&#7885;c vi&#234;n trong group zalo l&#7899;p K&#7929; n&#259;ng qu&#7843;n l&#253; m&#224; m&#236;nh c&#243; h&#7895; tr&#7907; khi&#7871;n m&#236;nh th&#237;ch qu&#225; n&#234;n quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh th&#7917; tr&#7843; l&#7901;i v&#224; share g&#243;c nh&#236;n c&#225; nh&#226;n.</p><p>Qu&#7843;n l&#253; c&#361;ng l&#224; con ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#224;, n&#234;n vi&#7879;c <strong>m&#7845;t &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c, d&#249; l&#224; ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n, l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u ho&#224;n to&#224;n b&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng</strong>. B&#7843;n th&#226;n m&#236;nh c&#361;ng g&#7863;p r&#7891;i v&#224; g&#7863;p nhi&#7873;u l&#7847;n. &#272;i&#7873;u quan tr&#7885;ng l&#224; c&#225;ch b&#7841;n x&#7917; l&#253; t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng n&#224;y, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t khi n&#243; &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n c&#225;c tr&#225;ch nhi&#7879;m c&#7911;a b&#7841;n v&#224; c&#225;c t&#432;&#417;ng t&#225;c v&#7899;i c&#225;c &#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng c&#243; li&#234;n quan b&#7903;i l&#224;m qu&#7843;n l&#253; l&#224; t&#7841;o k&#7871;t qu&#7843; qua ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.ttoan.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading Tien Toan&#8217;s Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>C&#243; 4 &#273;&#7889;i t&#432;&#7907;ng ch&#237;nh &#7903; &#273;&#226;y, m&#224; trong ch&#432;&#417;ng tr&#236;nh h&#7885;c, &#273;&#432;&#7907;c g&#7885;i l&#224; 4S. V&#224; m&#236;nh s&#7869; tr&#7843; l&#7901;i theo m&#244; h&#236;nh n&#224;y &#273;&#7875; li&#234;n h&#7879; &#273;&#250;ng v&#7899;i c&#226;u h&#7887;i.</p><p><strong>SELF/ B&#7842;N TH&#194;N: </strong>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; s&#7869; &#432;u ti&#234;n cao nh&#7845;t v&#224;o th&#7901;i &#273;i&#7875;m n&#224;y. Khi &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c b&#7883; b&#224;o m&#242;n, tr&#225;ch nhi&#7879;m &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n v&#224; quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a b&#7841;n l&#224; ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng. M&#236;nh ngh&#297; ch&#250;ng ta c&#243; th&#7875;:</p><ul><li><p>D&#224;nh th&#7901;i gian &#273;&#7875; ngh&#7881; ng&#417;i v&#224; chi&#234;m nghi&#7879;m m&#7897;t x&#237;u. Th&#7917; th&#224;nh th&#7853;t v&#7899;i b&#7843;n th&#226;n v&#7873; m&#7913;c &#273;&#7897; m&#7845;t &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c, &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; g&#226;y ra vi&#7879;c n&#224;y, l&#224; do m&#7879;t m&#7887;i, do th&#7845;t b&#7841;i, hay do thi&#7871;u m&#7909;c ti&#234;u, ni&#7873;m tin,... &#272;&#7915;ng c&#7889; g&#7855;ng &#8220;che &#273;&#7853;y&#8221; hay &#8220;g&#7891;ng m&#236;nh&#8221; tr&#432;&#7899;c ch&#237;nh b&#7843;n th&#226;n m&#236;nh.</p></li><li><p>Th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n c&#225;c th&#250; vui, th&#243;i quen, b&#224;i t&#7853;p gi&#250;p m&#236;nh l&#7845;y l&#7841;i n&#259;ng l&#432;&#7907;ng cho b&#7843;n th&#226;n nh&#432; thi&#7873;n, &#273;&#7885;c s&#225;ch, du l&#7883;ch, th&#7875; thao,... t&#249;y b&#7841;n th&#7845;y c&#225;i n&#224;o hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; v&#7899;i m&#236;nh m&#224; th&#7917; &#225;p d&#7909;ng.</p></li><li><p>Li&#234;n h&#7879; v&#7899;i m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#7889; v&#7845;n (mentor), hu&#7845;n luy&#7879;n vi&#234;n (coach), ho&#7863;c m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#225;ng tin c&#7853;y &#273;&#7875; chia s&#7867; v&#224; c&#249;ng trao &#273;&#7893;i v&#7873; gi&#7843;i ph&#225;p. H&#7885; c&#243; th&#7875; cung c&#7845;p g&#243;c nh&#236;n kh&#225;ch quan v&#224; gi&#250;p b&#7841;n nh&#236;n th&#7845;y &#225;nh s&#225;ng cu&#7889;i &#273;&#432;&#7901;ng h&#7847;m.</p></li><li><p>T&#225;i k&#7871;t n&#7889;i v&#7899;i t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng. Th&#7917; nh&#236;n l&#7841;i c&#226;u h&#7887;i T&#7841;i sao m&#236;nh ch&#7885;n/ b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh n&#224;y? &#272;&#226;u l&#224; c&#7843;m h&#7913;ng c&#7911;a m&#236;nh tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#226;y? Bi&#7871;t &#273;&#226;u, n&#243; cho b&#7841;n &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c cho gi&#7843;i ph&#225;p</p></li><li><p>V&#224; &#273;&#7875; c&#243; th&#7901;i gian cho nh&#7919;ng vi&#7879;c tr&#234;n, h&#227;y gi&#7843;m c&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;&#7897; c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c c&#7911;a m&#236;nh xu&#7889;ng, &#7911;y quy&#7873;n cho nh&#226;n vi&#234;n cho nh&#7919;ng c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c &#237;t quan tr&#7885;ng trong agenda c&#7911;a b&#7841;n.</p></li></ul><p><strong>STAFF/ NH&#194;N VI&#202;N: </strong>Trong khi m&#7845;t &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c, h&#227;y chuy&#7875;n t&#7915; Ch&#7911; &#273;&#7897;ng sang H&#7895; tr&#7907;. Ch&#250;ng ta c&#243; th&#7875;:</p><ul><li><p>L&#249;i b&#432;&#7899;c 1 x&#237;u, &#7911;y quy&#7873;n nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n cho c&#225;c th&#224;nh vi&#234;n b&#7841;n tin t&#432;&#7903;ng. H&#227;y &#273;&#7875; h&#7885; b&#432;&#7899;c l&#234;n d&#7851;n d&#7855;t c&#242;n b&#7841;n lui m&#7897;t b&#432;&#7899;c, h&#7895; tr&#7907; ph&#237;a sau khi c&#7847;n, lo&#7841;i b&#7887; c&#225;c r&#224;o c&#7843;n.</p></li><li><p>C&#7853;p nh&#7853;t v&#7899;i team t&#236;nh h&#236;nh. B&#7841;n kh&#244;ng c&#7847;n ph&#7843;i n&#243;i &#8220;T&#244;i &#273;ang m&#7845;t &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c&#8221;, nh&#432;ng b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; n&#243;i &#8220;Hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, t&#244;i &#273;ang t&#7853;p trung v&#224;o m&#7897;t s&#7889; &#432;u ti&#234;n kh&#225;c (cho ph&#7847;n SELF &#7903; tr&#234;n) v&#224; mu&#7889;n trao c&#417; h&#7897;i d&#7851;n d&#7855;t cho m&#7897;t s&#7889; th&#224;nh vi&#234;n trong nh&#243;m.&#8221; Vi&#7879;c n&#224;y quan tr&#7885;ng &#273;&#7875; gi&#250;p team hi&#7875;u t&#7841;i sao c&#225;ch ti&#7871;p c&#7853;n c&#7911;a b&#7841;n l&#7841;i thay &#273;&#7893;i nh&#432; v&#7853;y.</p></li></ul><p><strong>SUPERVISOR/ S&#7870;P: </strong>&#272;&#7915;ng &#273;&#7875; s&#7921; thi&#7871;u &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c c&#225; nh&#226;n l&#224;m &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#7871;n cam k&#7871;t chi&#7871;n l&#432;&#7907;c c&#7911;a t&#7893; ch&#7913;c. S&#7871;p b&#7841;n s&#7869; kh&#244;ng th&#237;ch &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y &#273;&#226;u.</p><ul><li><p>Ti&#7871;p t&#7909;c th&#7921;c hi&#7879;n v&#224; &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o ti&#7871;n &#273;&#7897; c&#225;c m&#7909;c ti&#234;u quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#7845;t m&#224; b&#7841;n &#273;ang &#273;&#7843;m nh&#7853;n, v&#7899;i s&#7921; h&#7895; tr&#7907; c&#7911;a team</p></li><li><p>Th&#7917; qu&#7843;n l&#253; l&#7841;i k&#7923; v&#7885;ng c&#7911;a s&#7871;p v&#224; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; l&#7841;i c&#225;c &#432;u ti&#234;n c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7875; c&#226;n b&#7857;ng h&#417;n.</p></li><li><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n &#273;&#7911; tin t&#432;&#7903;ng s&#7871;p c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, h&#227;y th&#7917; xem anh &#7845;y l&#224; mentor/ coach nh&#432; ph&#7847;n SELF. M&#236;nh may m&#7855;n &#273;&#227; c&#243; 1 anh s&#7871;p nh&#432; v&#7853;y v&#224; th&#7921;c s&#7921; n&#243; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; l&#7855;m. B&#7903;i khi s&#7871;p bi&#7871;t t&#236;nh h&#236;nh, b&#7843;n th&#226;n &#7843;nh c&#361;ng c&#243; nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh kh&#225;c support m&#236;nh t&#7889;t h&#417;n.</p></li></ul><p><strong>STRATEGIC PARTNER/ &#272;&#7888;I T&#193;C (&#272;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p/ C&#225;c BP kh&#225;c/...): </strong>T&#7853;p trung v&#224;o vi&#7879;c duy tr&#236; s&#7921; tin t&#432;&#7903;ng v&#224; &#7893;n &#273;&#7883;nh v&#7899;i c&#225;c &#273;&#7889;i t&#225;c hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i, thay v&#236; x&#226;y d&#7921;ng c&#225;c m&#7889;i quan h&#7879; m&#7899;i ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p.</p><p>C&#242;n c&#225;c b&#7841;n c&#243; duy&#234;n &#273;&#7885;c b&#224;i n&#224;y th&#236; sao? C&#225;c b&#7841;n c&#243; 1 l&#7901;i khuy&#234;n/ &#7913;ng d&#7909;ng th&#7921;c t&#7871; cho t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng n&#224;y</p><p>? To&#224;n r&#7845;t mong &#273;&#432;&#7907;c trao &#273;&#7893;i &#7903; comment nh&#233;.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.ttoan.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading Tien Toan&#8217;s Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[JUST-RIGHT mindset, Bí quyết thành công cho người mới lên quản lý]]></title><description><![CDATA[JUST-RIGHT mindset, B&#237; quy&#7871;t th&#224;nh c&#244;ng cho ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7899;i l&#234;n qu&#7843;n l&#253;]]></description><link>https://www.ttoan.com/p/just-right-mindset-bi-quyet-thanh</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ttoan.com/p/just-right-mindset-bi-quyet-thanh</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Tien Toan]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 23 May 2025 02:24:18 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vxh2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1366726-0d06-4f4f-96e1-cee360543385_1280x720.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<h1><strong>JUST-RIGHT mindset, B&#237; quy&#7871;t th&#224;nh c&#244;ng cho ng&#432;&#7901;i m&#7899;i l&#234;n qu&#7843;n l&#253;</strong></h1><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vxh2!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1366726-0d06-4f4f-96e1-cee360543385_1280x720.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vxh2!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1366726-0d06-4f4f-96e1-cee360543385_1280x720.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vxh2!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1366726-0d06-4f4f-96e1-cee360543385_1280x720.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vxh2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1366726-0d06-4f4f-96e1-cee360543385_1280x720.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vxh2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1366726-0d06-4f4f-96e1-cee360543385_1280x720.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vxh2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1366726-0d06-4f4f-96e1-cee360543385_1280x720.jpeg" width="1280" height="720" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c1366726-0d06-4f4f-96e1-cee360543385_1280x720.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:720,&quot;width&quot;:1280,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Ngu&#7891;n h&#236;nh: moretothat.com&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Ngu&#7891;n h&#236;nh: moretothat.com" title="Ngu&#7891;n h&#236;nh: moretothat.com" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vxh2!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1366726-0d06-4f4f-96e1-cee360543385_1280x720.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vxh2!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1366726-0d06-4f4f-96e1-cee360543385_1280x720.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vxh2!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1366726-0d06-4f4f-96e1-cee360543385_1280x720.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!vxh2!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1366726-0d06-4f4f-96e1-cee360543385_1280x720.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-noB79L"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2 icon-noB79L"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Ngu&#7891;n h&#236;nh: moretothat.com</p><p>L&#7847;n &#273;&#7847;u ti&#234;n m&#236;nh &#7903; v&#7883; tr&#237; qu&#7843;n l&#253;, m&#236;nh g&#7863;p ngay 1 c&#225;i l&#7895;i th&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7863;p l&#224; s&#7921; k&#7923; v&#7885;ng kh&#244;ng h&#7907;p l&#253;.</p><p><strong>&#129700; K&#7923; v&#7885;ng qu&#225; cao v&#224;o b&#7843;n th&#226;n:</strong> M&#7899;i l&#234;n m&#224;, mu&#7889;n ch&#7913;ng t&#7887; b&#7843;n th&#226;n ngay l&#7853;p t&#7913;c v&#224; ho&#224;n h&#7843;o &#7903; m&#7885;i kh&#237;a c&#7841;nh. M&#236;nh so s&#225;nh m&#236;nh v&#7899;i ng&#432;&#7901;i s&#7871;p tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243;, ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#227; c&#243; kinh nghi&#7879;m &#7903; v&#7883; tr&#237; Manager r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m v&#224; mu&#7889;n nh&#432; ch&#7883; &#7845;y ngay v&#224; lu&#244;n. M&#7897;t th&#7913; khi&#7871;n m&#236;nh ph&#7845;n kh&#237;ch v&#224; &#225;p l&#7921;c.</p><p><strong>&#129700; K&#7923; v&#7885;ng qu&#225; cao v&#224;o nh&#226;n vi&#234;n:</strong> V&#7899;i mong mu&#7889;n &#273;&#7897;i nh&#243;m &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#7871;t qu&#7843; t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t, m&#236;nh c&#361;ng &#273;&#7863;t y&#234;u c&#7847;u qu&#225; cao so v&#7899;i n&#259;ng l&#7921;c th&#7921;c t&#7871; c&#7911;a t&#7915;ng th&#224;nh vi&#234;n. C&#226;u n&#243;i m&#236;nh hay suy ngh&#297; trong &#273;&#7847;u l&#224; &#8220;Sao m&#236;nh th&#7845;y chuy&#7879;n n&#224;y d&#7877; l&#224;m m&#224;, sao m&#7845;y b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng l&#224;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ta.&#8221;</p><p>Nh&#7919;ng k&#7923; v&#7885;ng n&#224;y t&#7845;t nhi&#234;n d&#7851;n &#273;&#7871;n t&#236;nh tr&#7841;ng b&#7883; qu&#225; t&#7843;i v&#224; m&#7845;t &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c &#7903; c&#7843; ch&#237;nh m&#236;nh v&#224; team. K&#7871;t h&#7907;p v&#7899;i &#273;&#243; l&#224; c&#226;u chuy&#7879;n &#244;m vi&#7879;c, g&#225;nh team, &#273;&#7875; t&#7841;o ra k&#7871;t qu&#7843; nh&#432; &#253; m&#236;nh m&#224; qu&#234;n r&#7857;ng b&#7857;ng c&#225;ch n&#224;y, b&#7841;n l&#224;m v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; tr&#7847;m tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n.</p><p>Ph&#7843;i 1 th&#7901;i gian sau, m&#236;nh m&#7899;i c&#226;n b&#7857;ng v&#224; t&#236;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7875;m ph&#249; h&#7907;p: <strong>"Just-Right Mindset"</strong></p><p>&#272;&#226;y &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; t&#432; duy t&#7853;p trung v&#224;o vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7863;t ra nh&#7919;ng k&#7923; v&#7885;ng ph&#249; h&#7907;p, v&#7915;a &#273;&#7911; th&#225;ch th&#7913;c nh&#432;ng v&#7851;n &#273;&#7843;m b&#7843;o t&#237;nh th&#7921;c t&#7871;.</p><p>V&#7899;i Just-Right mindset, ng&#432;&#7901;i qu&#7843;n l&#253; n&#234;n l&#224;m c&#225;c h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng sau:</p><p><strong>1&#65039;&#8419; T&#236;m hi&#7875;u r&#245; b&#7843;n th&#226;n v&#224; &#273;&#7897;i nh&#243;m </strong>&#273;&#7875; t&#7921; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c, kinh nghi&#7879;m v&#224; &#273;i&#7875;m m&#7841;nh, &#273;i&#7875;m y&#7871;u hi&#7879;n c&#243; &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#432;a ra nh&#7919;ng k&#7923; v&#7885;ng ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i t&#7915;ng c&#225; nh&#226;n.</p><p><strong>2&#65039;&#8419; T&#236;m hi&#7875;u mong &#273;&#7907;i c&#7911;a c&#7845;p qu&#7843;n l&#253;, &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p</strong> <strong>v&#224; qu&#7843;n l&#253; k&#7923; v&#7885;ng c&#7911;a h&#7885;.</strong></p><p>Ki&#7875;u nh&#432; &#8220;s&#7871;p &#417;i, em m&#7899;i, em ngh&#297; em s&#7869; l&#224;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c xyz.&#8221; v&#224; sau &#273;&#243; th&#236; c&#7889; g&#7855;ng t&#7841;o ra gi&#225; tr&#7883; cao h&#417;n h&#7913;a h&#7865;n. H&#7913;a &#237;t m&#224; l&#224;m nhi&#7873;u th&#236; s&#7869; c&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c s&#7921; tin t&#432;&#7903;ng.</p><p>M&#236;nh c&#242;n nh&#7899; ch&#237;nh trong bu&#7893;i qu&#7843;n l&#253; k&#7923; v&#7885;ng n&#224;y, s&#7871;p m&#236;nh &#273;&#227; n&#243;i &#8220;To&#224;n, em &#273;&#7915;ng so s&#7921; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u c&#7911;a em v&#7899;i s&#7921; d&#224;y d&#7863;n kinh nghi&#7879;m c&#7911;a H&#224; (s&#7871;p c&#361; c&#7911;a m&#236;nh), anh c&#361;ng kh&#244;ng k&#7923; v&#7885;ng em nh&#432; v&#7853;y. H&#224; kh&#225;c, em kh&#225;c m&#224;.&#8221; &#212;i, c&#226;u n&#243;i l&#7845;y &#273;i ng&#224;n c&#226;n tr&#234;n vai m&#236;nh l&#250;c &#273;&#243;.</p><p><strong>3&#65039;&#8419; Linh ho&#7841;t v&#224; s&#7861;n s&#224;ng &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh.</strong> H&#227;y l&#7855;ng nghe &#253; ki&#7871;n &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p c&#7911;a nh&#226;n vi&#234;n v&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch khi c&#7847;n thi&#7871;t.</p><p>Khi m&#236;nh n&#243;i c&#226;u &#8220;Sao chuy&#7879;n d&#7877; m&#224; c&#225;c b&#7841;n l&#224;m kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c&#8221; &#7903; tr&#234;n, b&#7841;n nh&#226;n vi&#234;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh &#273;&#227; t&#7915;ng kh&#7883;a th&#7859;ng &#8220;V&#236; anh l&#224; s&#7871;p th&#236; anh th&#7845;y d&#7877;, ho&#7863;c ch&#7855;c v&#236; anh gi&#7887;i, th&#7845;y d&#7877; n&#234;n anh m&#7899;i l&#234;n s&#7871;p.&#8221; R&#7891;i b&#7841;n k&#7875; ra nh&#7919;ng c&#225;i kh&#243; nho nh&#7887; m&#224; b&#7841;n &#7903; vai tr&#242; th&#7921;c thi th&#236; &#273;&#250;ng l&#224; &#7903; c&#225;i g&#243;c nh&#236;n r&#7897;ng, m&#236;nh s&#7869; kh&#244;ng th&#7845;y h&#7871;t. S&#7921; chia s&#7867; c&#7903;i m&#7903; &#273;&#243; gi&#250;p t&#7909;i m&#236;nh th&#7889;ng nh&#7845;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c 1 c&#225;ch l&#224;m kh&#7843; thi v&#224; th&#7921;c t&#7871; h&#417;n.</p><p>V&#7899;i c&#225; nh&#226;n m&#236;nh, &#8220;Just-Right&#8221; gi&#250;p m&#236;nh tho&#7843;i m&#225;i v&#224; c&#226;n b&#7857;ng c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c h&#417;n nhi&#7873;u, t&#7841;o c&#417; h&#7897;i &#273;&#7875; trao quy&#7873;n v&#224; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#225;c b&#7841;n trong team nhi&#7873;u h&#417;n v&#224; gi&#250;p team t&#7841;o k&#7871;t qu&#7843; v&#224; x&#226;y m&#7897;t m&#244;i tr&#432;&#7901;ng l&#224;m vi&#7879;c t&#237;ch c&#7921;c v&#224; b&#7873;n v&#7919;ng.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n n&#224;o m&#7899;i l&#234;n v&#7883; tr&#237; qu&#7843;n l&#253; m&#224; g&#7863;p b&#7851;y nh&#432; m&#236;nh t&#7915;ng g&#7863;p th&#236; nh&#7899; nh&#233;: JUST-RIGHT.</p><p>Th&#7917; &#273;i v&#224; b&#7841;n s&#7869; th&#7845;y nhi&#7873;u &#273;i&#7873;u t&#237;ch c&#7921;c l&#7855;m.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.ttoan.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading Tien Toan&#8217;s Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Trở thành Manager: Từ "Đóng góp cá nhân" đến "Tạo kết quả thông qua người khác"]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ngu&#7891;n: Freepik]]></description><link>https://www.ttoan.com/p/tro-thanh-manager-tu-ong-gop-ca-nhan</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ttoan.com/p/tro-thanh-manager-tu-ong-gop-ca-nhan</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Tien Toan]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 23 May 2025 02:21:59 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dbQw!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1db4b1cd-5982-4376-9231-a5ad42fbcbbd_1080x720.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dbQw!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1db4b1cd-5982-4376-9231-a5ad42fbcbbd_1080x720.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dbQw!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1db4b1cd-5982-4376-9231-a5ad42fbcbbd_1080x720.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dbQw!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1db4b1cd-5982-4376-9231-a5ad42fbcbbd_1080x720.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dbQw!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1db4b1cd-5982-4376-9231-a5ad42fbcbbd_1080x720.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dbQw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1db4b1cd-5982-4376-9231-a5ad42fbcbbd_1080x720.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dbQw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1db4b1cd-5982-4376-9231-a5ad42fbcbbd_1080x720.png" width="1080" height="720" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/1db4b1cd-5982-4376-9231-a5ad42fbcbbd_1080x720.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:720,&quot;width&quot;:1080,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Ngu&#7891;n: Freepik&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Ngu&#7891;n: Freepik" title="Ngu&#7891;n: Freepik" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dbQw!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1db4b1cd-5982-4376-9231-a5ad42fbcbbd_1080x720.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dbQw!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1db4b1cd-5982-4376-9231-a5ad42fbcbbd_1080x720.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dbQw!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1db4b1cd-5982-4376-9231-a5ad42fbcbbd_1080x720.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!dbQw!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F1db4b1cd-5982-4376-9231-a5ad42fbcbbd_1080x720.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-noB79L"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2 icon-noB79L"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Ngu&#7891;n: Freepik</p><p>Th&#259;ng ti&#7871;n t&#7915; v&#7883; tr&#237; chuy&#234;n vi&#234;n sang nh&#243;m tr&#432;&#7903;ng/ gi&#225;m s&#225;t/ qu&#7843;n l&#253; (c&#243; team &#7903; d&#432;&#7899;i h&#7895; tr&#7907;) ch&#7855;c l&#224; m&#7897;t d&#7845;u m&#7889;c l&#7899;n trong s&#7921; nghi&#7879;p c&#7911;a b&#7845;t k&#7923; ai. M&#236;nh v&#7851;n c&#242;n nh&#7899; c&#7843;m x&#250;c l&#250;c &#273;&#243;, v&#7915;a vui v&#224; t&#7921; h&#224;o v&#236; nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p v&#224; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c m&#236;nh &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng nh&#7853;n nh&#432;ng c&#361;ng s&#7907;, r&#7857;ng kh&#243; &#273;&#7843;m &#273;&#432;&#417;ng tr&#225;ch nhi&#7879;m l&#7899;n h&#417;n, r&#7857;ng c&#225;c b&#7841;n trong team c&#243; ph&#7909;c v&#224; h&#7895; tr&#7907; m&#236;nh kh&#244;ng, &#8230;</p><p>L&#224;m qu&#7843;n l&#253; v&#224;i n&#259;m, th&#432;&#417;ng &#273;au qu&#225; tr&#7901;i b&#7853;n, m&#236;nh d&#7847;n hi&#7875;u &#273;i&#7873;u then ch&#7889;t r&#7857;ng: <strong>Qu&#7843;n l&#253; l&#224; vi&#7879;c t&#7841;o ra k&#7871;t qu&#7843; th&#244;ng qua ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c (Enable result through others).</strong></p><p>Ph&#7843;i th&#7921;c hi&#7875;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y, m&#236;nh m&#7899;i:</p><ol><li><p>T&#244;n tr&#7885;ng c&#225;c th&#224;nh vi&#234;n, t&#7841;o &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n &#273;&#7875; h&#7885; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n v&#224; &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p v&#224;o k&#7871; qu&#7843; chung. Team c&#224;ng m&#7841;nh, k&#7871;t qu&#7843; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n c&#224;ng t&#7889;t.</p></li><li><p>C&#226;n b&#7857;ng gi&#7919;a th&#7901;i gian l&#224;m chuy&#234;n m&#244;n v&#7899;i th&#7901;i gian x&#226;y d&#7921;ng &#273;&#7897;i nh&#243;m</p></li><li><p>Kh&#244;ng g&#225;nh team. B&#7903;i &#273;&#243; l&#224; khi m&#236;nh quay tr&#7903; l&#7841;i v&#7899;i c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p c&#225; nh&#226;n.</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#432;&#7907;c truy&#7873;n c&#7843;m h&#7913;ng khi m&#236;nh g&#243;p ph&#7847;n t&#7841;o ra nh&#7919;ng gi&#225; tr&#7883; m&#224; s&#7913;c m&#7897;t ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#244;ng l&#224;m n&#7895;i, trong &#273;&#243; c&#243; s&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#7911;a c&#225;c th&#224;nh vi&#234;n trong team m&#236;nh. B&#7841;n lu&#244;n t&#7841;o ra 2 k&#7871;t qu&#7843;: K&#7871;t qu&#7843; c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c &amp; K&#7871;t qu&#7843; con ng&#432;&#7901;i.</p></li></ol><p>V&#7899;i vai tr&#242; n&#224;y, ngo&#224;i vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7841;t k&#7871;t qu&#7843; v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng ngu&#7891;n l&#7921;c h&#7919;u h&#7841;n, ng&#432;&#7901;i qu&#7843;n l&#253; c&#242;n th&#432;&#7901;ng xuy&#234;n &#273;&#7889;i di&#7879;n v&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng th&#7917; th&#225;ch quan tr&#7885;ng m&#7899;i, h&#432;&#7899;ng v&#7873; con ng&#432;&#7901;i, nh&#432; l&#224;:</p><ul><li><p><strong>Qu&#7843;n l&#253; "C&#225;i T&#244;i&#8221;:</strong> Qu&#7843;n l&#253; d&#7877; c&#243; c&#225;i t&#244;i cao v&#236; h&#7885; c&#243; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c (m&#7899;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#226;n nh&#7855;c l&#224;m qu&#7843;n l&#253; ch&#7913;) v&#224; c&#243; ch&#250;t quy&#7873;n trong ph&#7841;m vi c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c. Nh&#432;ng, c&#225;i t&#244;i l&#224; k&#7867; th&#249; c&#7911;a tr&#237; tu&#7879; &amp; s&#7913;c m&#7841;nh t&#7853;p th&#7875;. C&#225;i t&#244;i c&#224;ng cao, b&#7841;n c&#224;ng d&#7877; c&#243; h&#224;nh vi g&#226;y m&#7845;t ni&#7873;m tin v&#7899;i th&#224;nh vi&#234;n, kh&#244;ng huy &#273;&#7897;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c n&#7895; l&#7921;c v&#224; tr&#237; tu&#7879; chung, &#273;&#7875; r&#7891;i g&#225;nh team m&#7897;t m&#236;nh, &#273;u&#7889;i s&#7913;c v&#224; th&#7845;t b&#7841;i.</p></li><li><p><strong>X&#226;y d&#7921;ng &#273;&#7897;i ng&#361;:</strong> T&#236;m ki&#7871;m, &#273;&#224;o t&#7841;o v&#224; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n con ng&#432;&#7901;i &#273;&#7875; gi&#250;p team l&#7899;n m&#7841;nh l&#224; m&#7897;t h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh gian nan, &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i s&#7921; ki&#234;n nh&#7851;n, ni&#7873;m tin v&#7919;ng ch&#7855;c v&#224;o s&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#7911;a con ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#224; &#273;&#244;i khi &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i nh&#7919;ng h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng quy&#7871;t li&#7879;t &#273;&#7875; ng&#259;n ch&#7863;n h&#224;nh vi kh&#244;ng mong &#273;&#7907;i.</p></li><li><p><strong>Truy&#7873;n c&#7843;m h&#7913;ng:</strong> T&#7841;o ni&#7873;m tin, &#273;&#7897;ng l&#7921;c v&#224; gi&#7919; l&#7917;a cho &#273;&#7897;i ng&#361;, gi&#250;p m&#7895;i th&#224;nh vi&#234;n s&#7861;n s&#224;ng &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p v&#224; c&#7889;ng hi&#7871;n h&#7871;t s&#7913;c th&#7853;t kh&#244;ng d&#7877; ch&#250;t n&#224;o, &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t trong giai &#273;o&#7841;n kh&#243; kh&#259;n, nhi&#7873;u thay &#273;&#7893;i.</p></li><li><p><strong>T&#7921; ph&#7909;c h&#7891;i (resillience) trong c&#244; &#273;&#417;n:</strong> M&#236;nh c&#242;n nh&#7899; 1 ch&#7883; &#273;&#7891;ng nghi&#7879;p c&#243; n&#243;i ch&#417;i: C&#244;ng ty s&#7869; lu&#244;n c&#243; 2 phe: S&#7871;p v&#224; ph&#7847;n c&#242;n l&#7841;i. M&#7897;t r&#224;o c&#7843;n v&#244; h&#236;nh s&#7869; xu&#7845;t hi&#7879;n ngay khi b&#7841;n l&#234;n l&#224;m qu&#7843;n l&#253;. V&#236; v&#7853;y, d&#249; ch&#7883;u &#225;p l&#7921;c nhi&#7873;u t&#7915; k&#7923; v&#7885;ng c&#7911;a c&#225;c b&#234;n (s&#7871;p, nh&#226;n vi&#234;n, b&#7897; ph&#7853;n kh&#225;c, kh&#225;ch h&#224;ng,&#8230;) nh&#432;ng c&#225;c s&#7871;p th&#432;&#7901;ng ch&#7883;u &#273;&#7921;ng n&#243; m&#7897;t m&#236;nh.</p></li><li><p>&#8230; c&#242;n nhi&#7873;u l&#7855;m</p></li></ul><p>B&#7903;i v&#7853;y, tr&#7903; th&#224;nh nh&#224; qu&#7843;n l&#253; t&#7889;t l&#224; h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh c&#7843; &#273;&#7901;i kh&#244;ng ng&#7915;ng h&#7885;c h&#7887;i, ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n.</p><p>Nhi&#7873;u n&#259;m l&#224;m qu&#7843;n l&#253;, l&#224;m c&#244;ng t&#225;c Nh&#226;n s&#7921;, ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n con ng&#432;&#7901;i v&#224; t&#7893; ch&#7913;c, m&#236;nh th&#7845;y r&#7845;t nhi&#7873;u anh/ ch&#7883;/ b&#7841;n qu&#7843;n l&#253; v&#7845;t v&#7843; tr&#234;n h&#224;nh tr&#236;nh n&#224;y, c&#361;ng nh&#432; th&#7845;y nhi&#7873;u team, nhi&#7873;u b&#7841;n nh&#226;n vi&#234;n r&#7845;t v&#7845;t v&#7843; v&#7899;i c&#225;c b&#7841;n qu&#7843;n l&#253; c&#242;n nhi&#7873;u thi&#7871;u x&#243;t. M&#236;nh s&#7869; share nh&#7919;ng b&#224;i h&#7885;c v&#224; tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m th&#244;ng qua k&#234;nh blog n&#224;y. M&#7885;i ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#249;ng &#273;&#243;n xem nh&#233;. </p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.ttoan.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading Tien Toan&#8217;s Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p></p>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Inside Out 2 và những bài học về sự lo âu của người trưởng thành.]]></title><description><![CDATA[Inside Out 2 &#273;ang chi&#7871;u ngo&#224;i r&#7841;p l&#224; phim r&#7845;t &#273;&#225;ng xem.]]></description><link>https://www.ttoan.com/p/inside-out-2-va-nhung-bai-hoc-ve</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ttoan.com/p/inside-out-2-va-nhung-bai-hoc-ve</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Tien Toan]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Fri, 23 May 2025 02:17:50 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-aKE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa44252dc-e6ed-4452-ba77-da19af3ee235_1188x596.png" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<p>Inside Out 2 &#273;ang chi&#7871;u ngo&#224;i r&#7841;p l&#224; phim r&#7845;t &#273;&#225;ng xem. L&#224; fan Pixar v&#224; &#273;&#227; xem qua ph&#7847;n 1, m&#236;nh quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh &#273;i xem ph&#7847;n 2 v&#224; th&#7853;t s&#7921; h&#224;i l&#242;ng. B&#7897; phim &#273;&#432;a &#273;&#7871;n 1 nh&#226;n v&#7853;t ch&#237;nh th&#250; v&#7883; l&#224; b&#7841;n LO &#194;U (ANXIETY) v&#224; &#273;&#432;a ra nhi&#7873;u b&#224;i h&#7885;c quan tr&#7885;ng. M&#236;nh xin &#273;i&#7875;m qua &#7903; &#273;&#226;y &#273;&#7875; ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#7899;n n&#224;o kh&#244;ng th&#237;ch xem phim ho&#7841;t h&#236;nh c&#243; th&#7875; tham kh&#7843;o nh&#233;.</p><p><strong>1. Lo &#226;u &#273;&#7871;n khi n&#224;o?</strong></p><p>Trong phim, n&#7919; ch&#237;nh Riley b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u c&#243; nh&#7919;ng c&#7843;m x&#250;c m&#7899;i khi tu&#7893;i d&#7853;y th&#236; &#273;&#7871;n, ch&#250;ng ta b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u suy ngh&#297; v&#7873; ch&#226;n dung c&#7911;a m&#236;nh &#7903; t&#432;&#417;ng lai, hay g&#7863;p nh&#7919;ng thay &#273;&#7893;i v&#224; lo l&#7855;ng v&#7873; s&#7921; b&#7845;t &#273;&#7883;nh khi&#7871;n k&#7923; v&#7885;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c.</p><p>G&#7855;n li&#7873;n v&#7899;i b&#7841;n Lo &#226;u, m&#236;nh th&#7845;y c&#225;c c&#7909;m t&#7915;: &#8220;T&#244;i kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7911; gi&#7887;i&#8221; v&#224; &#8220;N&#7871;u&#8230; th&#236; &#8230; (theo h&#432;&#7899;ng r&#7911;i ro)&#8221;</p><p>Khi tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#224;nh, ch&#250;ng ta b&#7899;t vui &#273;i&#8221; ch&#7855;c b&#7903;i c&#243; nhi&#7873;u vi&#7879;c ph&#7843;i lo &#226;u.</p><p><strong>2. L&#7907;i &amp; H&#7841;i c&#7911;a Lo &#226;u?</strong></p><p>Ban &#273;&#7847;u, Lo &#226;u kh&#225; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#224;o &#273;&#243;n khi n&#243; gi&#250;p ch&#250;ng ta c&#243; s&#7921; t&#7853;p trung, n&#7895; l&#7921;c v&#224; d&#7921; ph&#242;ng cho c&#225;c t&#236;nh hu&#7889;ng x&#7845;u.</p><p>Tuy v&#7853;y, nh&#432; phim, khi Lo &#226;u qu&#225; m&#7913;c v&#224; chi&#7871;m quy&#7873;n &#273;i&#7873;u khi&#7875;n tr&#237; n&#227;o th&#236;:</p><ul><li><p>C&#225;c vi&#7877;n c&#7843;nh r&#7911;i ro x&#7843;y ra li&#234;n t&#7909;c khi&#7871;n ta c&#259;ng th&#7859;ng, m&#7845;t ng&#7911;. Ch&#250;ng ta d&#249;ng tr&#237; t&#432;&#7903;ng t&#432;&#7907;ng &#273;&#7875; suy di&#7877;n qu&#225; m&#7913;c theo h&#432;&#7899;ng ti&#234;u c&#7921;c</p></li><li><p>Ch&#250;ng ta kh&#243; t&#7853;p trung ho&#7863;c th&#7853;m ch&#237; &#273;&#244;ng c&#7913;ng &#273;&#7871;n m&#7913;c kh&#244;ng th&#7875; &#273;&#432;a ra &#273;&#432;&#7907;c quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh s&#225;ng su&#7889;t</p></li><li><p>V&#236; lo &#226;u, ch&#250;ng ta h&#224;nh x&#7917; kh&#244;ng c&#242;n l&#224; m&#236;nh</p></li><li><p>C&#243; nh&#7919;ng ni&#7873;m tin gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n s&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, nh&#432; l&#224; &#8220;T&#244;i kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7911; gi&#7887;i&#8221;</p></li><li><p>C&#225;u k&#7881;nh, tr&#7847;m c&#7843;m,&#8230;</p></li></ul><p><strong>3. H&#227;y &#273;&#7875; Lo &#226;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#432; gi&#227;n, b&#7841;n s&#7869; t&#7853;n d&#7909;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#225;c &#273;i&#7875;m m&#7841;nh c&#7911;a b&#7841;n &#7845;y.</strong></p><p>M&#236;nh r&#7845;t th&#237;ch h&#236;nh &#7843;nh ph&#237;a d&#432;&#7899;i &#7903; &#273;o&#7841;n cu&#7889;i phim, Khi Lo &#226;u ng&#7891;i th&#432; gi&#227;n tr&#234;n chi&#7871;c gh&#7871; &#273;&#7863;c bi&#7879;t &#273;&#7875; massage, u&#7889;ng tr&#224; v&#224; nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u h&#7887;i t&#7915; Ni&#7873;m Zui (Joy), b&#7841;n quay l&#7841;i h&#7919;u &#237;ch v&#224; &#273;&#432;a ra nh&#7919;ng c&#226;u h&#7887;i hay ho. &#212;i, m&#236;nh sau n&#224;y c&#361;ng mong c&#243; &#273;&#432;&#7907;c 1 coaching room &#273;&#7865;p nh&#432; th&#7871;.</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-aKE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa44252dc-e6ed-4452-ba77-da19af3ee235_1188x596.png" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-aKE!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa44252dc-e6ed-4452-ba77-da19af3ee235_1188x596.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-aKE!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa44252dc-e6ed-4452-ba77-da19af3ee235_1188x596.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-aKE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa44252dc-e6ed-4452-ba77-da19af3ee235_1188x596.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-aKE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa44252dc-e6ed-4452-ba77-da19af3ee235_1188x596.png 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-aKE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa44252dc-e6ed-4452-ba77-da19af3ee235_1188x596.png" width="1188" height="596" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/a44252dc-e6ed-4452-ba77-da19af3ee235_1188x596.png&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:596,&quot;width&quot;:1188,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Article content&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Article content" title="Article content" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-aKE!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa44252dc-e6ed-4452-ba77-da19af3ee235_1188x596.png 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-aKE!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa44252dc-e6ed-4452-ba77-da19af3ee235_1188x596.png 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-aKE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa44252dc-e6ed-4452-ba77-da19af3ee235_1188x596.png 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!-aKE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fa44252dc-e6ed-4452-ba77-da19af3ee235_1188x596.png 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-noB79L"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2 icon-noB79L"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Ngu&#7891;n h&#236;nh: Google</figcaption></figure></div><p>C&#225;ch c&#7911;a Zui l&#224;:</p><ul><li><p>Hi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng Lo &#226;u kh&#244;ng c&#243; &#253; x&#7845;u, b&#7841;n mu&#7889;n &#273;i&#7873;u t&#7889;t cho ch&#250;ng ta &#273;&#7875; kh&#244;ng c&#432;&#7905;ng ch&#7871;, hay b&#7887; &#273;i nh&#7919;ng suy ngh&#297; c&#7911;a Lo &#226;u</p></li><li><p>Ch&#7845;p nh&#7853;n v&#224; bi&#7871;t &#417;n nh&#7919;ng g&#236; &#273;&#227; c&#243;, c&#7843; t&#237;ch c&#7921;c v&#224; ti&#234;u c&#7921;c &#273;&#7873;u l&#224; 1 ph&#7847;n c&#7911;a b&#7843;n th&#226;n Riley (Being grateful, Diversity &amp; Inclusive)</p></li><li><p>T&#7853;p trung v&#224;o v&#249;ng &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng, nh&#7919;ng g&#236; ta c&#243; th&#7875; h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng h&#417;n l&#224; qu&#225; t&#7853;p trung v&#224;o v&#249;ng quan t&#226;m. &#272;&#226;y ch&#237;nh l&#224; th&#243;i quen 1 c&#7911;a 7 th&#243;i quen c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;: V&#7899;i nh&#7919;ng g&#236; ta kh&#244;ng th&#7875; t&#225;c &#273;&#7897;ng hay &#7843;nh h&#432;&#7903;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c, lo &#226;u ph&#7887;ng c&#243; &#237;ch g&#236;, c&#242;n g&#236; m&#224; m&#236;nh c&#243; th&#7875;, h&#227;y h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng.</p></li><li><p>&#272;&#7863;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i ph&#249; h&#7907;p (coaching n&#232;)</p></li></ul><p>M&#236;nh r&#7845;t khuy&#7871;n kh&#237;ch c&#225;c b&#7841;n xem phim n&#224;y &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u h&#417;n n&#7897;i t&#226;m c&#7911;a m&#7895;i ng&#432;&#7901;i. M&#7885;i c&#7843;m x&#250;c &#273;&#7873;u c&#243; gi&#225; tr&#7883; v&#224; &#253; ngh&#297;a ri&#234;ng c&#7911;a n&#243;. H&#227;y &#273;&#243;n nh&#7853;n v&#224; qu&#7843;n l&#253; n&#243; 1 c&#225;ch t&#237;ch c&#7921;c &#273;&#7875; mang l&#7841;i s&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n cho b&#7843;n th&#226;n m&#236;nh nh&#233;.</p><p>P/S: M&#236;nh th&#7845;y th&#7871; gi&#7899;i n&#227;o b&#7897; trong film r&#7845;t th&#250; v&#7883; nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng c&#243; ngh&#297;a l&#224; n&#243; &#273;&#250;ng 100% v&#7873; khoa h&#7885;c n&#227;o b&#7897; v&#224; t&#226;m l&#253; h&#7885;c. C&#225;c b&#7841;n n&#234;n l&#432;u &#253; nhen.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.ttoan.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading Tien Toan&#8217;s Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Năng lực học hỏi, yếu tố cốt lõi cho sự thăng tiến trong nghề nghiệp]]></title><description><![CDATA[Ngu&#7891;n h&#236;nh: Freepik]]></description><link>https://www.ttoan.com/p/nang-luc-hoc-hoi-yeu-to-cot-loi-cho</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ttoan.com/p/nang-luc-hoc-hoi-yeu-to-cot-loi-cho</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Tien Toan]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 22 May 2025 08:49:01 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VY6J!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2527bc0e-cc87-4230-a714-4b5b18705eaf_826x550.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VY6J!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2527bc0e-cc87-4230-a714-4b5b18705eaf_826x550.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VY6J!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2527bc0e-cc87-4230-a714-4b5b18705eaf_826x550.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VY6J!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2527bc0e-cc87-4230-a714-4b5b18705eaf_826x550.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VY6J!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2527bc0e-cc87-4230-a714-4b5b18705eaf_826x550.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VY6J!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2527bc0e-cc87-4230-a714-4b5b18705eaf_826x550.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VY6J!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2527bc0e-cc87-4230-a714-4b5b18705eaf_826x550.jpeg" width="826" height="550" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/2527bc0e-cc87-4230-a714-4b5b18705eaf_826x550.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:550,&quot;width&quot;:826,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Ngu&#7891;n h&#236;nh: Freepik&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Ngu&#7891;n h&#236;nh: Freepik" title="Ngu&#7891;n h&#236;nh: Freepik" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VY6J!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2527bc0e-cc87-4230-a714-4b5b18705eaf_826x550.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VY6J!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2527bc0e-cc87-4230-a714-4b5b18705eaf_826x550.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VY6J!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2527bc0e-cc87-4230-a714-4b5b18705eaf_826x550.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!VY6J!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F2527bc0e-cc87-4230-a714-4b5b18705eaf_826x550.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-noB79L"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2 icon-noB79L"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>Ngu&#7891;n h&#236;nh: Freepik</p><p><strong>V&#225;n c&#432;&#7907;c c&#7911;a s&#7921; th&#259;ng ti&#7871;n n&#7897;i b&#7897;</strong></p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.ttoan.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading Tien Toan&#8217;s Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>Khi trao &#273;&#7893;i v&#7873; s&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n hay th&#259;ng ti&#7871;n ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p, m&#236;nh hay l&#7845;y v&#237; d&#7909; v&#7873; 1 l&#432;&#7905;ng nan &#273;&#7873; c&#7911;a 1 ng&#432;&#7901;i qu&#7843;n l&#253; ho&#7863;c BP. Nh&#226;n s&#7921;.</p><p>Gi&#7843; s&#7917;: N&#7871;u b&#7841;n l&#224; 1 ng&#432;&#7901;i Qu&#7843;n l&#253; c&#7845;p cao, trong team b&#7841;n tr&#7889;ng 1 v&#7883; tr&#237; Qu&#7843;n l&#253; c&#7845;p trung, b&#7841;n s&#7869; tuy&#7875;n 1 ng&#432;&#7901;i t&#7915; b&#234;n ngo&#224;i v&#224;o hay th&#259;ng ti&#7871;n 1 b&#7841;n nh&#226;n vi&#234;n gi&#7887;i trong team l&#234;n v&#7883; tr&#237; qu&#7843;n l&#253; &#273;&#243;?</p><ul><li><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n tuy&#7875;n d&#7909;ng b&#234;n ngo&#224;i, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; s&#7869; c&#243; 1 &#7913;ng vi&#234;n c&#243; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c, kinh nghi&#7879;m &#7903; v&#7883; tr&#237; t&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#432;&#417;ng, d&#7921; &#273;o&#225;n l&#224; s&#7869; l&#224;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c nh&#432;ng l&#7841;i kh&#244;ng gi&#250;p ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n &#273;&#7897;i ng&#361; v&#224; t&#259;ng g&#7855;n k&#7871;t cho nh&#226;n vi&#234;n hi&#7879;n t&#7841;i.</p></li><li><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#259;ng ti&#7871;n n&#7897;i b&#7897;, b&#7841;n gi&#250;p &#273;&#7897;i nh&#243;m ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n, t&#259;ng g&#7855;n k&#7871;t nh&#432;ng b&#7841;n c&#361;ng lo l&#224; nh&#226;n vi&#234;n m&#7899;i &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#259;ng ti&#7871;n ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#225;p &#7913;ng c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c do b&#7841;n nh&#226;n vi&#234;n &#273;&#243; ch&#432;a c&#243; kinh nghi&#7879;m &#7903; v&#7883; tr&#237; qu&#7843;n l&#253; bao gi&#7901;. N&#7871;u b&#7841;n th&#259;ng ch&#7913;c sai, b&#7841;n m&#7845;t 1 nh&#226;n vi&#234;n gi&#7887;i v&#224; c&#243; 1 qu&#7843;n l&#253; t&#7891;i.</p></li></ul><p>V&#225;n c&#432;&#7907;c kh&#244;ng h&#7873; nh&#7887;.</p><p>Hi&#7875;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#225;i b&#259;n kho&#259;n n&#224;y c&#7911;a ng&#432;&#7901;i qu&#7843;n l&#253;, ch&#250;ng ta s&#7869; hi&#7875;u r&#7857;ng Th&#224;nh t&#237;ch t&#7889;t l&#224; quan tr&#7885;ng nh&#432;ng ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; b&#7841;n th&#259;ng ti&#7871;n th&#224;nh c&#244;ng, ho&#7863;c n&#243; gi&#250;p b&#7841;n th&#259;ng ch&#7913;c nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng &#273;&#7911; &#273;&#7875; b&#7841;n th&#224;nh c&#244;ng &#7903; v&#7883; tr&#237; m&#7899;i.</p><p>&#272;&#7875; b&#7841;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c ch&#7885;n, v&#224; &#273;&#7875; b&#7841;n t&#7915; 1 nh&#226;n vi&#234;n gi&#7887;i th&#224;nh 1 qu&#7843;n l&#253; gi&#7887;i, t&#7845;t c&#7843; n&#7857;m &#7903; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c h&#7885;c h&#7887;i c&#7911;a b&#7841;n.</p><p>Khi b&#7841;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c th&#259;ng ch&#7913;c, ngh&#297;a l&#224; b&#7841;n &#273;ang l&#224;m &#7903; 1 c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c m&#224; b&#7841;n ch&#432;a bao gi&#7901; l&#224;m tr&#432;&#7899;c &#273;&#243; (b&#7903;i n&#7871;u c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c m&#7899;i m&#224; quen thu&#7897;c v&#7899;i b&#7841;n, ch&#7855;c l&#224; b&#7841;n &#273;i ngang h&#417;n l&#224; &#273;i l&#234;n). N&#243; &#273;&#242;i h&#7887;i b&#7841;n ph&#7843;i h&#7885;c h&#7887;i nhi&#7873;u &#273;i&#7873;u m&#7899;i m&#7867; v&#7873; ki&#7871;n th&#7913;c, n&#259;ng l&#7921;c m&#7899;i m&#224; c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c m&#7899;i y&#234;u c&#7847;u. N&#259;ng l&#7921;c linh ho&#7841;t h&#7885;c h&#7887;i (Learning Agility) s&#7869; gi&#250;p b&#7841;n &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y v&#224; &#273;&#243; c&#361;ng l&#224; l&#253; do c&#225;c T&#7853;p &#273;o&#224;n, c&#244;ng ty l&#7899;n khi &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; ti&#7873;m n&#259;ng c&#7911;a nh&#226;n vi&#234;n, h&#7885; &#273;&#7873;u s&#7917; d&#7909;ng ti&#234;u ch&#237; n&#224;y.</p><p>C&#244;ng ty s&#7869; ch&#7881; &#273;&#7863;t c&#432;&#7907;c v&#224;o nh&#7919;ng nh&#226;n vi&#234;n c&#243; n&#259;ng l&#7921;c h&#7885;c h&#7887;i cao &#273;&#7875; trong th&#7901;i gian ng&#7855;n, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; h&#7885;c nhanh v&#224; b&#7855;t &#273;&#7847;u l&#224;m vi&#7879;c &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#417; b&#7843;n &#273;&#225;p &#7913;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c y&#234;u c&#7847;u &#7903; v&#7883; tr&#237; m&#7899;i &#273;&#7875; kh&#7843; n&#259;ng th&#7855;ng c&#432;&#7907;c c&#7911;a h&#7885; cao h&#417;n.</p><p><strong>Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng linh ho&#7841;t h&#7885;c h&#7887;i (Learning Agility) l&#224; g&#236;?</strong></p><p>C&#226;u ch&#7919; r&#245; r&#224;ng qu&#225; r&#7891;i n&#234;n m&#236;nh c&#361;ng ch&#7859;ng bi&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh ngh&#297;a th&#7871; n&#224;o cho k&#7929; h&#417;n. M&#236;nh ch&#7881; mu&#7889;n chia s&#7867; v&#7873; m&#244; h&#236;nh c&#225;c c&#7845;u ph&#7847;n b&#234;n trong &#273;&#7875; gi&#250;p hi&#7875;u r&#245; h&#417;n v&#7873; kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m n&#224;y. M&#236;nh th&#7845;y BP Nh&#226;n s&#7921; hay d&#249;ng ph&#7893; bi&#7871;n m&#244; h&#236;nh c&#7911;a Korn Ferry nh&#432; h&#236;nh b&#234;n d&#432;&#7899;i:</p><div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qSIr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b20ca2-f903-416c-a618-0b1e1c797985_800x751.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qSIr!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b20ca2-f903-416c-a618-0b1e1c797985_800x751.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qSIr!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b20ca2-f903-416c-a618-0b1e1c797985_800x751.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qSIr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b20ca2-f903-416c-a618-0b1e1c797985_800x751.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qSIr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b20ca2-f903-416c-a618-0b1e1c797985_800x751.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qSIr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b20ca2-f903-416c-a618-0b1e1c797985_800x751.jpeg" width="800" height="751" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/c1b20ca2-f903-416c-a618-0b1e1c797985_800x751.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:751,&quot;width&quot;:800,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;Article content&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:true,&quot;topImage&quot;:false,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="Article content" title="Article content" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qSIr!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b20ca2-f903-416c-a618-0b1e1c797985_800x751.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qSIr!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b20ca2-f903-416c-a618-0b1e1c797985_800x751.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qSIr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b20ca2-f903-416c-a618-0b1e1c797985_800x751.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!qSIr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Fc1b20ca2-f903-416c-a618-0b1e1c797985_800x751.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" loading="lazy"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-noB79L"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2 icon-noB79L"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a><figcaption class="image-caption">Ngu&#7891;n h&#236;nh: Linkedin post c&#7911;a Johan Masironi</figcaption></figure></div><p>Theo &#273;&#243;, n&#243; c&#243; 5 c&#7845;u ph&#7847;n ch&#237;nh:</p><p>1&#65039;&#8419; <strong>Mental Agility</strong> hay tr&#237; th&#244;ng minh n&#227;o b&#7897;: Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng ch&#250;ng ta c&#243; th&#7875; t&#432; duy linh ho&#7841;t, logic &#273;&#7875; n&#7855;m b&#7855;t c&#225;c kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m ph&#7913;c t&#7841;p, tr&#7915;u t&#432;&#7907;ng</p><p>2&#65039;&#8419; <strong>People Agility</strong> hay tr&#237; th&#244;ng minh c&#7843;m x&#250;c: Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng linh ho&#7841;t &#273;i&#7873;u ch&#7881;nh phong c&#225;ch l&#224;m vi&#7879;c &#273;&#7875; h&#242;a h&#7907;p v&#7899;i con ng&#432;&#7901;i c&#243; li&#234;n quan, gi&#250;p t&#7841;o k&#7871;t qu&#7843; &#273;&#7897;i nh&#243;m</p><p>3&#65039;&#8419; <strong>Result Agility</strong> hay kh&#7843; n&#259;ng v&#432;&#7907;t kh&#243;, linh ho&#7841;t, s&#225;ng t&#7841;o &#273;&#7875; &#273;&#432;a ra gi&#7843;i ph&#225;p cho c&#225;c v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; v&#224; &#273;&#7841;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c k&#7871;t qu&#7843; cao &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7873; ra</p><p>4&#65039;&#8419; <strong>Self-Awareness</strong> hay kh&#7843; n&#259;ng t&#7921; nh&#7853;n th&#7913;c, hi&#7875;u r&#245; b&#7843;n th&#226;n c&#243; s&#7903; th&#237;ch, n&#259;ng l&#7921;c (&#273;i&#7875;m m&#7841;nh, &#273;i&#7875;m y&#7871;u), c&#225; t&#237;nh, gi&#225; tr&#7883; nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o &#273;&#7875; qu&#7843;n l&#253; b&#7843;n th&#226;n, ra quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh hi&#7879;u qu&#7843;</p><p>5&#65039;&#8419;<strong> Change Agility</strong> hay s&#7921; c&#7903;i m&#7903;, th&#237;ch nghi nhanh v&#7899;i s&#7921; thay &#273;&#7893;i v&#224; &#7911;ng h&#7897; nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7893;i m&#7899;i s&#225;ng t&#7841;o</p><p>&#272;&#226;y l&#224; ph&#7847;n tr&#7885;ng t&#226;m c&#7911;a Learning Agility, m&#244; h&#236;nh &#7903; tr&#234;n t&#7915; 5 tr&#7885;ng t&#226;m &#273;&#243; c&#242;n &#273;&#432;a ra nh&#7919;ng k&#7929; n&#259;ng ph&#237;a ngo&#224;i &#273;&#7875; c&#7909; th&#7875; h&#417;n n&#7919;a kh&#225;i ni&#7879;m n&#224;y, m&#236;nh th&#7845;y c&#361;ng r&#7845;t l&#224; hay.</p><p>Cu&#7889;i tu&#7847;n n&#224;y, c&#225;c b&#7841;n th&#7917; t&#7921; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; Learning Agility c&#7911;a m&#236;nh &#273;ang &#7903; &#273;&#226;u r&#7891;i &#273;&#7863;t c&#226;u h&#7887;i l&#224;m sao &#273;&#7875; m&#236;nh gia t&#259;ng kh&#7843; n&#259;ng n&#224;y &#273;&#7875; th&#250;c &#273;&#7849;y s&#7921; nghi&#7879;p c&#7911;a m&#236;nh &#273;i cao v&#224; xa h&#417;n nh&#233;.</p><p>M&#236;nh tin s&#7869; r&#7845;t b&#7893; &#237;ch &#273;&#243;.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.ttoan.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading Tien Toan&#8217;s Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div>]]></content:encoded></item><item><title><![CDATA[Để hướng nghiệp tốt, hãy hướng về quá khứ, hướng về bên trong]]></title><description><![CDATA[H&#236;nh &#7843;nh t&#7915; Isabela Kronemberger t&#7841;i Unsplash]]></description><link>https://www.ttoan.com/p/e-huong-nghiep-tot-hay-huong-ve-qua</link><guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.ttoan.com/p/e-huong-nghiep-tot-hay-huong-ve-qua</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Tien Toan]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 22 May 2025 08:46:02 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hKdr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe944bf0-de3d-4f05-8483-b61391df7ea8_950x720.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hKdr!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe944bf0-de3d-4f05-8483-b61391df7ea8_950x720.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hKdr!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe944bf0-de3d-4f05-8483-b61391df7ea8_950x720.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hKdr!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe944bf0-de3d-4f05-8483-b61391df7ea8_950x720.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hKdr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe944bf0-de3d-4f05-8483-b61391df7ea8_950x720.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hKdr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe944bf0-de3d-4f05-8483-b61391df7ea8_950x720.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hKdr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe944bf0-de3d-4f05-8483-b61391df7ea8_950x720.jpeg" width="950" height="720" data-attrs="{&quot;src&quot;:&quot;https://substack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com/public/images/fe944bf0-de3d-4f05-8483-b61391df7ea8_950x720.jpeg&quot;,&quot;srcNoWatermark&quot;:null,&quot;fullscreen&quot;:null,&quot;imageSize&quot;:null,&quot;height&quot;:720,&quot;width&quot;:950,&quot;resizeWidth&quot;:null,&quot;bytes&quot;:null,&quot;alt&quot;:&quot;H&#236;nh &#7843;nh t&#7915; Isabela Kronemberger t&#7841;i Unsplash&quot;,&quot;title&quot;:null,&quot;type&quot;:null,&quot;href&quot;:null,&quot;belowTheFold&quot;:false,&quot;topImage&quot;:true,&quot;internalRedirect&quot;:null,&quot;isProcessing&quot;:false,&quot;align&quot;:null,&quot;offset&quot;:false}" class="sizing-normal" alt="H&#236;nh &#7843;nh t&#7915; Isabela Kronemberger t&#7841;i Unsplash" title="H&#236;nh &#7843;nh t&#7915; Isabela Kronemberger t&#7841;i Unsplash" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hKdr!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe944bf0-de3d-4f05-8483-b61391df7ea8_950x720.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hKdr!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe944bf0-de3d-4f05-8483-b61391df7ea8_950x720.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hKdr!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe944bf0-de3d-4f05-8483-b61391df7ea8_950x720.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!hKdr!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2Ffe944bf0-de3d-4f05-8483-b61391df7ea8_950x720.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-noB79L"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2 icon-noB79L"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>H&#236;nh &#7843;nh t&#7915; Isabela Kronemberger t&#7841;i Unsplash</p><p>Trong qu&#225; tr&#236;nh t&#432; v&#7845;n h&#432;&#7899;ng nghi&#7879;p, m&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng nh&#7853;n &#273;&#432;&#7907;c 2 c&#226;u h&#7887;i kinh &#273;i&#7875;n sau khi th&#226;n ch&#7911; &#273;ang mu&#7889;n t&#236;m ngh&#7873; cho m&#236;nh:</p><ul><li><p>L&#224;m ngh&#7873; n&#224;o c&#243; tri&#7875;n v&#7885;ng trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai?</p></li><li><p>Ngo&#224;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng &#273;ang c&#243; ngh&#7873; n&#224;o hot?</p></li></ul><p>M&#236;nh kh&#244;ng ph&#7911; nh&#7853;n hai c&#226;u h&#7887;i n&#224;y quan tr&#7885;ng, h&#432;&#7899;ng v&#7873; t&#432;&#417;ng lai v&#224; h&#432;&#7899;ng ra b&#234;n ngo&#224;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng lao &#273;&#7897;ng s&#7869; cho ch&#250;ng ta nh&#7919;ng &#273;&#7883;nh h&#432;&#7899;ng ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i. &#272;i&#7873;u &#273;&#243; r&#7845;t t&#7889;t. Tuy v&#7853;y, tr&#432;&#7899;c khi h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;&#7871;n 2 &#273;i&#7873;u n&#224;y, To&#224;n cho r&#7857;ng m&#236;nh n&#234;n l&#224;m 1 vi&#7879;c quan tr&#7885;ng h&#417;n n&#7919;a, &#273;&#243; l&#224; h&#432;&#7899;ng v&#224;o b&#234;n trong m&#236;nh.</p><p>Ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p tri&#7875;n v&#7885;ng v&#224; c&#243; th&#7875; hot, ki&#7871;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nhi&#7873;u ti&#7873;n trong t&#432;&#417;ng lai s&#7869; kh&#244;ng m&#7845;y &#253; ngh&#297;a khi b&#7841;n nh&#7853;n ra b&#7841;n &#273;ang l&#224;m ngh&#7873; r&#7845;t hot nh&#432;ng kh&#244;ng h&#7907;p v&#7899;i m&#236;nh. S&#7921; h&#242;a h&#7907;p gi&#7919;a c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c v&#224; &#273;&#7863;c t&#237;nh c&#225; nh&#226;n m&#7899;i l&#224; &#273;i&#7873;u &#273;em l&#7841;i s&#7921; th&#7887;a m&#227;n c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c cao nh&#7845;t c&#7911;a b&#7841;n.</p><p><strong>H&#227;y h&#432;&#7899;ng v&#224;o trong tr&#432;&#7899;c khi h&#432;&#7899;ng ra b&#234;n ngo&#224;i</strong></p><p>M&#236;nh g&#7907;i &#253; b&#7841;n h&#227;y t&#236;m hi&#7875;u b&#234;n trong m&#236;nh v&#7873; c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; sau:</p><ul><li><p><strong>S&#7903; th&#237;ch:</strong> B&#7841;n th&#237;ch l&#224;m nh&#7919;ng ho&#7841;t &#273;&#7897;ng g&#236;? B&#7841;n th&#237;ch c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c g&#236;? T&#7841;i sao b&#7841;n l&#7841;i th&#237;ch nh&#7919;ng &#273;i&#7873;u nh&#432; v&#7853;y?</p></li><li><p><strong>Kh&#7843; n&#259;ng:</strong> B&#7841;n c&#243; nh&#7919;ng s&#7903; tr&#432;&#7901;ng n&#224;o? K&#7929; n&#259;ng n&#224;o b&#7841;n t&#7921; tin? N&#259;ng l&#7921;c h&#7885;c t&#7853;p, h&#7885;c h&#7887;i c&#7911;a b&#7841;n ra sao?</p></li><li><p><strong>Gi&#225; tr&#7883;:</strong> B&#7841;n coi tr&#7885;ng &#273;i&#7873;u g&#236; nh&#7845;t?</p></li><li><p><strong>C&#225; t&#237;nh:</strong> T&#237;nh c&#225;ch c&#7911;a b&#7841;n th&#7871; n&#224;o? B&#7841;n h&#432;&#7899;ng n&#7897;i hay h&#432;&#7899;ng ngo&#7841;i, li&#7879;u b&#7841;n quy&#7871;t &#273;o&#225;n hay d&#226;n ch&#7911;? B&#7841;n l&#7855;ng nghe con tim hay l&#253; tr&#237;,&#8230;?</p></li></ul><p>Khi b&#7841;n hi&#7875;u &#273;&#432;&#7907;c 4 &#273;&#7863;c t&#237;nh tr&#234;n m&#224; d&#226;n h&#432;&#7899;ng nghi&#7879;p t&#7909;i m&#236;nh hay g&#7885;i l&#224; VIPS (Value - Interest - Personality - Skills), b&#7841;n &#273;ang n&#7855;m r&#245; v&#7873; c&#225;c y&#7871;u t&#7889; g&#7889;c r&#7877; b&#234;n trong c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. R&#7877; c&#243; m&#7841;nh v&#224; ch&#7855;c th&#236; c&#226;y s&#7921; nghi&#7879;p s&#7869; cho qu&#7843; ng&#7885;t.</p><p><strong>H&#227;y nh&#236;n v&#7873; qu&#225; kh&#7913; tr&#432;&#7899;c khi h&#432;&#7899;ng &#273;&#7871;n t&#432;&#417;ng lai</strong></p><p>V&#7853;y l&#224;m sao bi&#7871;t &#273;&#432;&#7907;c 4 &#273;&#7863;c &#273;i&#7875;m tr&#234;n? C&#243; nhi&#7873;u c&#225;ch:</p><ul><li><p>T&#7921; chi&#234;m nghi&#7879;m tr&#7843; l&#7901;i c&#225;c c&#226;u h&#7887;i v&#237; d&#7909; &#7903; tr&#234;n</p></li><li><p>L&#224;m c&#225;c b&#224;i tr&#7855;c nghi&#7879;m h&#7895; tr&#7907; nh&#432; Holland Code, DISC, Indigo,&#8230; v&#224; &#224; &#7915;, c&#361;ng c&#243; th&#7875; l&#224; Th&#7847;n s&#7889; h&#7885;c v&#224; Sinh tr&#7855;c h&#7885;c&#8230;</p></li></ul><p>B&#7841;n n&#234;n ch&#7885;n c&#225;c b&#224;i test c&#243; n&#7873;n t&#7843;ng khoa h&#7885;c ch&#7855;c ch&#7855;n. Nh&#432;ng d&#249; l&#224; v&#7853;y, th&#236; &#273;&#243; v&#7851;n ch&#7881; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng c&#244;ng c&#7909; tham kh&#7843;o. B&#7841;n, b&#7857;ng s&#7921; am hi&#7875;u b&#7843;n th&#226;n ph&#7843;i &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; v&#224; x&#225;c nh&#7853;n, c&#225;i g&#236; l&#224; &#273;&#250;ng, c&#225;i g&#236; l&#224; sai v&#7873; b&#7841;n trong c&#225;c b&#225;o c&#225;o test.</p><p>N&#7871;u b&#7841;n kh&#244;ng hi&#7875;u b&#7841;n, b&#7841;n ngh&#297; 1 b&#224;i test s&#7869; hi&#7875;u b&#7841;n h&#417;n sao?</p><p>M&#236;nh th&#432;&#7901;ng r&#7845;t th&#237;ch b&#224;i t&#7853;p nh&#236;n v&#7873; qu&#225; kh&#7913;. H&#227;y nh&#236;n v&#7873; c&#7845;p 1, 2, 3, hay th&#7901;i &#273;&#7841;i h&#7885;c c&#7911;a m&#236;nh. Nh&#7919;ng tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m n&#224;o cho b&#7841;n ni&#7873;m vui, tr&#7843;i nghi&#7879;m n&#224;o kh&#244;ng tho&#7843;i m&#225;i? &#431;&#7899;c m&#417; c&#7911;a b&#7841;n h&#7891;i nh&#7887; l&#224; g&#236;? H&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng n&#224;o, k&#253; &#7913;c n&#224;o l&#224; b&#432;&#7899;c ngo&#7863;c trong &#273;&#7901;i b&#7841;n? Ch&#237;nh nh&#7919;ng d&#7845;u ch&#7845;m trong qu&#225; kh&#7913; s&#7869; k&#7871;t n&#7889;i l&#7841;i, cho b&#7841;n nh&#7919;ng g&#7907;i &#253; &#273;&#7875; b&#7841;n th&#7845;y &#273;&#432;&#7907;c &#273;&#7863;c t&#237;nh c&#225; nh&#226;n c&#7911;a b&#7841;n &#273;&#227; &#273;&#7883;nh h&#236;nh nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o v&#224; ra sao.</p><p>Ok la. V&#224; n&#7871;u &#273;&#227; l&#224;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c 2 &#273;i&#7873;u &#7903; tr&#234;n r&#7891;i, th&#236; &#273;&#7871;n l&#250;c &#273;&#7875; b&#7841;n c&#226;n nh&#7855;c c&#225;c l&#7921;a ch&#7885;n ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p r&#7891;i &#273;&#243;. Th&#432;&#7901;ng n&#243; s&#7869; pop up ra khi b&#7841;n &#273;&#227; hi&#7875;u m&#236;nh h&#417;n, b&#7841;n s&#7869; th&#7845;y c&#225;i c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c n&#224;o m&#236;nh th&#7845;y n&#243; kh&#7843; d&#297; l&#224; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i m&#236;nh r&#7891;i. V&#224; v&#226;ng, h&#227;y l&#224;m chuy&#7879;n m&#224; c&#243; l&#7869; c&#225;c b&#7841;n &#273;ang ngh&#297;: H&#432;&#7899;ng ra ngo&#224;i th&#7883; tr&#432;&#7901;ng v&#224; t&#432;&#417;ng lai &#273;&#7875; hi&#7875;u h&#417;n ngh&#7873; nghi&#7879;p.</p><p>Cu&#7889;i c&#249;ng, matching v&#224; ra quy&#7871;t &#273;&#7883;nh, b&#7841;n nh&#233;.</p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.ttoan.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe now&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" data-component-name="ButtonCreateButton"><a class="button primary" href="https://www.ttoan.com/subscribe?"><span>Subscribe now</span></a></p><p class="button-wrapper" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.ttoan.com/p/e-huong-nghiep-tot-hay-huong-ve-qua?utm_source=substack&utm_medium=email&utm_content=share&action=share&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Share&quot;,&quot;action&quot;:null,&quot;class&quot;:null}" 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isPermaLink="false">https://www.ttoan.com/p/ung-an-cap-co-hoi-phat-trien-cua</guid><dc:creator><![CDATA[Tien Toan]]></dc:creator><pubDate>Thu, 22 May 2025 08:38:24 GMT</pubDate><enclosure url="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WpE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d85a5b5-8243-41c6-ae68-3303133d9cc9_626x626.jpeg" length="0" type="image/jpeg"/><content:encoded><![CDATA[<div class="captioned-image-container"><figure><a class="image-link image2 is-viewable-img" target="_blank" href="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WpE!,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d85a5b5-8243-41c6-ae68-3303133d9cc9_626x626.jpeg" data-component-name="Image2ToDOM"><div class="image2-inset"><picture><source type="image/webp" srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WpE!,w_424,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d85a5b5-8243-41c6-ae68-3303133d9cc9_626x626.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WpE!,w_848,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d85a5b5-8243-41c6-ae68-3303133d9cc9_626x626.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WpE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d85a5b5-8243-41c6-ae68-3303133d9cc9_626x626.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WpE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_webp,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d85a5b5-8243-41c6-ae68-3303133d9cc9_626x626.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw"><img src="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WpE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d85a5b5-8243-41c6-ae68-3303133d9cc9_626x626.jpeg" width="626" height="626" 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srcset="https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WpE!,w_424,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d85a5b5-8243-41c6-ae68-3303133d9cc9_626x626.jpeg 424w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WpE!,w_848,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d85a5b5-8243-41c6-ae68-3303133d9cc9_626x626.jpeg 848w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WpE!,w_1272,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d85a5b5-8243-41c6-ae68-3303133d9cc9_626x626.jpeg 1272w, https://substackcdn.com/image/fetch/$s_!5WpE!,w_1456,c_limit,f_auto,q_auto:good,fl_progressive:steep/https%3A%2F%2Fsubstack-post-media.s3.amazonaws.com%2Fpublic%2Fimages%2F9d85a5b5-8243-41c6-ae68-3303133d9cc9_626x626.jpeg 1456w" sizes="100vw" fetchpriority="high"></picture><div class="image-link-expand"><div class="pencraft pc-display-flex pc-gap-8 pc-reset"><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container restack-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg aria-hidden="true" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 20 20" fill="none" stroke-width="1.5" stroke="var(--color-fg-primary)" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" class="icon-noB79L"><g><path d="M2.53001 7.81595C3.49179 4.73911 6.43281 2.5 9.91173 2.5C13.1684 2.5 15.9537 4.46214 17.0852 7.23684L17.6179 8.67647M17.6179 8.67647L18.5002 4.26471M17.6179 8.67647L13.6473 6.91176M17.4995 12.1841C16.5378 15.2609 13.5967 17.5 10.1178 17.5C6.86118 17.5 4.07589 15.5379 2.94432 12.7632L2.41165 11.3235M2.41165 11.3235L1.5293 15.7353M2.41165 11.3235L6.38224 13.0882"></path></g></svg></button><button tabindex="0" type="button" class="pencraft pc-reset pencraft icon-container view-image buttonBase-GK1x3M"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="20" height="20" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="lucide lucide-maximize2 lucide-maximize-2 icon-noB79L"><polyline points="15 3 21 3 21 9"></polyline><polyline points="9 21 3 21 3 15"></polyline><line x1="21" x2="14" y1="3" y2="10"></line><line x1="3" x2="10" y1="21" y2="14"></line></svg></button></div></div></div></a></figure></div><p>"Don't steal the development items of your employee."</p><p>C&#226;u n&#243;i nghe h&#417;i s&#7889;c &#243;c nh&#432;ng l&#224; 1 wake-up call quan tr&#7885;ng m&#224; m&#236;nh &#273;&#227; t&#7915;ng nghe b&#225;c Ph&#243; Ch&#7911; t&#7883;ch c&#7911;a T&#7853;p &#273;o&#224;n nh&#7845;n m&#7841;nh.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.ttoan.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading Tien Toan&#8217;s Substack! Subscribe for free to receive new posts and support my work.</p></div><form class="subscription-widget-subscribe"><input type="email" class="email-input" name="email" placeholder="Type your email&#8230;" tabindex="-1"><input type="submit" class="button primary" value="Subscribe"><div class="fake-input-wrapper"><div class="fake-input"></div><div class="fake-button"></div></div></form></div></div><p>&#7902; vai tr&#242; qu&#7843;n l&#253;/ s&#7871;p, &#273;&#244;i khi, v&#244; t&#236;nh, b&#7841;n c&#243; th&#7875; tr&#7903; th&#224;nh r&#224;o c&#7843;n l&#7899;n nh&#7845;t cho s&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#7911;a &#273;&#7897;i ng&#361; m&#236;nh. L&#253; thuy&#7871;t L&#227;nh &#273;&#7841;o &#273;&#432;&#417;ng &#273;&#7841;i n&#243;i nhi&#7873;u v&#7873; vi&#7879;c trao quy&#7873;n, t&#7841;o &#273;i&#7873;u ki&#7879;n (empowerment, enablement) nh&#432;ng &#273;&#244;i khi, nh&#7919;ng h&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng nh&#7887; nh&#7863;t h&#224;ng ng&#224;y l&#7841;i "&#259;n c&#7855;p" m&#7845;t c&#417; h&#7897;i tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#224;nh c&#7911;a c&#225;c th&#224;nh vi&#234;n trong team.</p><p>M&#236;nh th&#7845;y nh&#7919;ng l&#7847;n "c&#7855;p v&#7863;t" th&#432;&#7901;ng g&#7863;p nh&#432; l&#224;:</p><ul><li><p><strong>"&#272;&#7875; t&#244;i l&#224;m cho nhanh":</strong> Qu&#7843;n l&#253; qu&#225; b&#7853;n r&#7897;n v&#224; ngh&#297; r&#7857;ng t&#7921; m&#236;nh gi&#7843;i quy&#7871;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; s&#7869; ti&#7871;t ki&#7879;m th&#7901;i gian h&#417;n l&#224; h&#432;&#7899;ng d&#7851;n nh&#226;n vi&#234;n. H&#224;nh &#273;&#7897;ng n&#224;y c&#243; v&#7867; hi&#7879;u qu&#7843; trong ng&#7855;n h&#7841;n, nh&#432;ng v&#7873; l&#226;u d&#224;i, n&#243; t&#432;&#7899;c &#273;i c&#417; h&#7897;i h&#7885;c h&#7887;i v&#224; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n k&#7929; n&#259;ng gi&#7843;i quy&#7871;t v&#7845;n &#273;&#7873; c&#7911;a nh&#226;n vi&#234;n.</p></li><li><p><strong>"T&#244;i bi&#7871;t r&#245; nh&#7845;t, l&#224;m t&#7889;t nh&#7845;t":</strong> Qu&#7843;n l&#253; cho r&#7857;ng &#253; ki&#7871;n c&#7911;a m&#236;nh l&#224; t&#7889;i &#432;u v&#224; kh&#244;ng m&#7901;i g&#7885;i nh&#226;n vi&#234;n &#273;&#243;ng g&#243;p &#253; t&#432;&#7903;ng ho&#7863;c th&#7917; nghi&#7879;m nh&#7919;ng c&#225;ch m&#7899;i. &#272;i&#7873;u n&#224;y kh&#244;ng ch&#7881; l&#224;m thui ch&#7897;t s&#7921; s&#225;ng t&#7841;o m&#224; c&#242;n khi&#7871;n nh&#226;n vi&#234;n c&#7843;m th&#7845;y kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c coi tr&#7885;ng ho&#7863;c b&#7883; &#236;, &#7927; l&#7841;i, ch&#7901; qu&#7843;n l&#253; ch&#7881; r&#7891;i m&#7899;i l&#224;m.</p></li><li><p><strong>"Vi&#7879;c n&#224;y ch&#432;a ph&#249; h&#7907;p v&#7899;i b&#7841;n":</strong> Qu&#7843;n l&#253; c&#243; xu h&#432;&#7899;ng giao nh&#7919;ng c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c quen thu&#7897;c cho nh&#7919;ng nh&#226;n vi&#234;n "ch&#7855;c tay" v&#224; ng&#7847;n ng&#7841;i giao nh&#7919;ng d&#7921; &#225;n, tr&#225;ch nhi&#7879;m l&#7899;n h&#417;n v&#236; s&#7907; h&#7885; l&#224;m kh&#244;ng &#273;&#432;&#7907;c. Vi&#7879;c n&#224;y kh&#244;ng t&#7841;o c&#417; h&#7897;i &#273;&#7875; ng&#432;&#7901;i kh&#225;c th&#7917; s&#7913;c &#7903; nh&#7919;ng l&#297;nh v&#7921;c m&#7899;i v&#224; b&#7841;n &#273;&#227; v&#244; t&#236;nh gi&#7899;i h&#7841;n ph&#7841;m vi ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#7911;a h&#7885;.</p></li><li><p><strong>"T&#244;i s&#7869; &#273;&#225;nh gi&#225; sau":</strong> Qu&#7843;n l&#253; b&#7853;n qu&#225; n&#234;n h&#7913;a s&#7869; g&#243;p &#253; r&#7891;i qu&#234;n, tr&#236; ho&#227;n vi&#7879;c &#273;&#432;a ra ph&#7843;n h&#7891;i ho&#7863;c ch&#7881; &#273;&#432;a ra nh&#7919;ng nh&#7853;n x&#233;t chung chung, kh&#244;ng c&#7909; th&#7875;, khi&#7871;n nh&#226;n vi&#234;n ch&#432;a bi&#7871;t n&#234;n c&#7843;i thi&#7879;n nh&#432; th&#7871; n&#224;o cho t&#7889;t h&#417;n.</p></li></ul><p>M&#236;nh c&#242;n nh&#7899; r&#7845;t r&#245; l&#7847;n m&#236;nh m&#7845;t &#273;i 1 b&#7841;n Hi-Po v&#236; &#273;&#227; kh&#244;ng t&#7841;o &#273;&#7911; c&#417; h&#7897;i &#273;&#7875; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n b&#7841;n &#7845;y. Trong IDP, m&#236;nh &#273;&#7883;nh h&#432;&#7899;ng ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n b&#7841;n th&#234;m &#7903; m&#7843;ng L&amp;D v&#224; sau &#273;&#243; l&#224; HRBP. Tuy v&#7853;y, v&#236; &#273;&#226;y l&#224; 2 m&#7843;ng th&#7871; m&#7841;nh c&#7911;a m&#236;nh, m&#236;nh c&#361;ng c&#7921;c k&#7923; t&#226;m huy&#7871;t v&#7899;i n&#243;, n&#234;n d&#249; &#273;&#227; giao vi&#7879;c nh&#432;ng m&#236;nh v&#7851;n tham gia s&#226;u v&#224;o c&#244;ng vi&#7879;c v&#7899;i 3 c&#225;i l&#7895;i &#7903; tr&#234;n "M&#236;nh bi&#7871;t r&#245; nh&#7845;t", "M&#236;nh l&#224;m s&#7869; nhanh", "B&#7841;n &#7845;y c&#242;n ch&#432;a &#273;&#7911; kinh nghi&#7879;m".</p><p>Sau 1 th&#7901;i gian, r&#7845;t nh&#7865; nh&#224;ng, b&#7841;n n&#7897;p &#273;&#417;n v&#236; &#273;&#227; t&#236;m ki&#7871;m &#273;&#432;&#7907;c c&#417; h&#7897;i b&#234;n ngo&#224;i cho v&#7883; tr&#237; HRBP, 1 v&#7883; tr&#237; m&#224; ch&#7881; c&#7847;n &#237;t th&#7901;i gian n&#7919;a th&#244;i, m&#236;nh s&#7869; fill b&#7841;n v&#224;o. M&#7885;i k&#7871; ho&#7841;ch nh&#226;n s&#7921; c&#7911;a m&#236;nh tan t&#224;nh. M&#236;nh ti&#7871;c &#273;&#7913;t ru&#7897;t nh&#432;ng &#273;&#224;nh ch&#7883;u v&#224; nh&#7899; s&#226;u s&#7855;c b&#224;i h&#7885;c n&#224;y.</p><p>S&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#7911;a nh&#226;n vi&#234;n ch&#237;nh l&#224; s&#7921; ph&#225;t tri&#7875;n c&#7911;a &#273;&#7897;i ng&#361; v&#224; c&#7911;a c&#7843; t&#7893; ch&#7913;c. &#272;&#7915;ng v&#244; t&#236;nh "&#259;n c&#7855;p" &#273;i nh&#7919;ng c&#417; h&#7897;i qu&#253; gi&#225; &#273;&#243;. V&#7899;i b&#7841;n, ng&#432;&#7901;i l&#224;m qu&#7843;n l&#253;, &#273;&#243; &#273;&#417;n gi&#7843;n l&#224; nh&#7919;ng vi&#7879;c th&#432;&#7901;ng ng&#224;y, nh&#432;ng v&#7899;i nh&#226;n vi&#234;n, n&#243; th&#7921;c s&#7921; l&#224; nh&#7919;ng b&#7853;c thang gi&#250;p h&#7885; tr&#432;&#7903;ng th&#224;nh h&#417;n.</p><p>Ch&#250;c b&#7841;n build up &#273;&#432;&#7907;c nh&#7919;ng t&#224;i n&#259;ng cho team c&#7911;a m&#236;nh nh&#233;.</p><p>P/S: L&#226;u nay b&#7853;n qu&#225;, l&#226;u l&#7855;m m&#7899;i vi&#7871;t 1 b&#224;i n&#234;n h&#417;i c&#7913;ng tay, mong c&#225;c b&#7841;n b&#7887; qua. M&#236;nh s&#7869; quay l&#7841;i t&#7915; t&#7915; v&#224; hy v&#7885;ng s&#7869; vi&#7871;t tr&#244;i ch&#7843;y h&#417;n.</p><div class="subscription-widget-wrap-editor" data-attrs="{&quot;url&quot;:&quot;https://www.ttoan.com/subscribe?&quot;,&quot;text&quot;:&quot;Subscribe&quot;,&quot;language&quot;:&quot;en&quot;}" data-component-name="SubscribeWidgetToDOM"><div class="subscription-widget show-subscribe"><div class="preamble"><p class="cta-caption">Thanks for reading Tien Toan&#8217;s Substack! 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